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1、園藝學報,2015,42(7):1313–1320.ActaHorticulturaeSinicadoi:10.16420/j.issn.0513-353x.2014-1144;http://www.ahs.ac.cn1313設施砂壤土容重對番茄幼苗生長和根系構型的影響*劉晚茍,何泳怡,謝海容,李良賢(嶺南師范學院生命科學與技術學院,廣東湛江524048)摘要:土壤緊實是設施蔬菜生產的土壤障礙因子之一。在塑料大棚砂壤土條件下,用人工土柱栽-3培法研究了土壤容重分別為1.20、1.35和1.58g·cm的土壤對番茄幼苗生長和根系構型的影響。結果表明,隨
2、容重增大,葉片伸長速度、株高、植株含水量、鮮質量、干質量、根冠比、根表面積、根長密度和根體積密度等都顯著降低。隨容重增大,根系干質量、根表面積、根長密度和根體積密度在垂直面上-3的分布顯著降低,容重1.58g·cm處理的根系全部分布在0~6cm土層內。高容重土壤使根毛區(qū)皮層產生形變,即細胞變長,皮層下陷,根表面凹凸不平,根圓度變差,偏心率增大,降低根毛區(qū)的吸收能力。關鍵詞:番茄;土壤容重;生長;根系構型中圖分類號:S641.2文獻標志碼:A文章編號:0513-353X(2015)07-1313-08EffectsofBulkDensityofSand
3、yLoamSoilonSeedlingGrowthandRootArchitectureofTomatoPlantsinGreenhouse*LIUWan-gou,HEYong-yi,XIEHai-rong,andLILiang-xian(LifeScienceandTechnologySchool,LingnanNormalUniversity,Zhanjiang,Guangdong524048,China)Abstract:Soilcompactionisoneofsoilrestrictingfactorsforgreenhousevegeta
4、bleproduction.The-3effectsofbulkdensityof1.20(D1.20),1.35(D1.35)and1.58g·cm(D1.58)insandyloamonseedlinggrowthandrootarchitectureoftomatowereinvestigatedusingsoilcolumnsingreenhouse.Theresultsshowedthatleafelongationrate,plantheight,plantwatercontent,freshanddryweight,roottoshoo
5、tratioswerenegativelycorrelatedwithsoilbulkdensity.Rootsurfacearea,rootlengthdensityandrootvolumedensityalsodecreasedsignificantlywithincreasingsoilbulkdensity.Highbulkdensityinhibitedrootpenetrationtodeepsoil,andconsequentlyinfluencedrootdistribution,e.g.rootswereconfinedtothe
6、top6cmsoilsinD1.58treatment.Insoilprofile,thedistributionofrootmass,rootsurfacearea,rootlengthdensityandrootvolumedensitydecreasedsignificantlywithincreasingsoilbulkdensity.Inroothairzone,rootinvaginationandcelldeformationoccurredinoutercortexunderD1.58,andtheroundness(R)andecc
7、entricity(e)ofroottransversesectionincreasedsignificantlywithincreasingbulkdensity,whichindicatedthattheabilityofrootuptakewoulddecrease.Itisconcludedthatadecreaseinsoilcultivationlayerwouldinhibitrootgrowthofthedeep-rootvegetablessuchastomatoplant.收稿日期:2015–03–24;修回日期:2015–05–
8、20基金項目:國家星火計劃項目(2012GA780012);嶺南師范學院自然科學研究重點項目(LZL1405