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《機(jī)械設(shè)計基礎(chǔ) ——中英文翻譯(外文文獻(xiàn)翻譯)(可編輯)》由會員上傳分享，免費在線閱讀，更多相關(guān)內(nèi)容在工程資料-天天文庫。
1、機(jī)械設(shè)計基礎(chǔ)——中英文翻譯(外文文獻(xiàn)翻譯)FundamentalsofMechanicalDesignMechanicaldesignmeansthedesignofthingsandsystemsofamechanicalnature―machines,products,structures,devices,andinstruments.Forthemostpartmechanicaldesignutilizesmathematics,thematerialssciences,andtheengineering-mechani
2、cssciences.Thetotaldesignprocessisofinteresttous.Howdoesitbegin?Doestheengineersimplysitdownathisdeskwithablanksheetofpaper?And,ashejotsdownsomeideas,whathappensnext?Whatfactorsinfluenceorcontrolthedecisionswhichhavetobemade?Finally,then,howdoesthisdesignprocessend?S
3、ometimes,butnotalways,designbeginswhenanengineerrecognizesaneedanddecidestodosomethingaboutit.Recognitionoftheneedandphrasingitinsomanywordsoftenconstituteahighlycreativeactbecausetheneedmaybeonlyavaguediscontent,afeelingofuneasiness,ofasensingthatsomethingisnotright
4、.Theneedisusuallynotevidentatall.Forexample,theneedtodosomethingaboutafood-packagingmachinemaybeindicatedbythenoiselevel,bythevariationsinpackageweight,andbyslightbutperceptiblevariationsinthequalityofthepackagingorwrap.Thereisadistinctdifferencebetweenthestatementof
5、theneedandtheidentificationoftheproblem.Whichfollowsthisstatement?Theproblemismorespecific.Iftheneedisforcleanerair,theproblemmightbethatofreducingthedustdischargefrompower-plantstacks,orreducingthequantityofirritantsfromautomotiveexhausts.Definitionoftheproblemmusti
6、ncludeallthespecificationsforthethingthatistobedesigned.Thespecificationsaretheinputandoutputquantities,thecharacteristicsofthespacethethingmustoccupyandallthelimitationsonthesequantities.Wecanregardthethingtobedesignedassomethinginablackbox.Inthiscasewemustspecifyth
7、einputsandoutputsoftheboxtogetherwiththeircharacteristicsandlimitations.Thespecificationsdefinethecost,thenumbertobemanufactured,theexpectedlife,therange,theoperatingtemperature,andthereliability.Therearemanyimpliedspecificationswhichresulteitherfromthedesigner'spart
8、icularenvironmentorfromthenatureoftheproblemitself.Themanufacturingprocesseswhichareavailable,togetherwiththefacilitiesofacertainpl
