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1、2011屆畢業(yè)設(shè)計(jì)外文翻譯結(jié)構(gòu)設(shè)計(jì)系、部：機(jī)械系學(xué)生姓名：李衍指導(dǎo)教師：康煜華職稱副教授專業(yè)：機(jī)械設(shè)計(jì)制造及其自動(dòng)化班級：機(jī)本0704班完成時(shí)間：2011年6月結(jié)構(gòu)設(shè)計(jì)AugustineJ.Fredrich摘要：結(jié)構(gòu)設(shè)計(jì)是選擇材料和構(gòu)件類型，大小和形狀以安全有用的樣式承擔(dān)荷載。一般說來，結(jié)構(gòu)設(shè)計(jì)暗指結(jié)構(gòu)物如建筑物和橋或是可移動(dòng)但有剛性外殼如船體和飛機(jī)框架的工廠穩(wěn)定性。設(shè)計(jì)的移動(dòng)時(shí)彼此相連的設(shè)備（連接件），一般被安排在機(jī)械設(shè)計(jì)領(lǐng)域。關(guān)鍵詞：結(jié)構(gòu)設(shè)計(jì)；結(jié)構(gòu)分析；結(jié)構(gòu)方案；工程要求Abstract:Structuredesignisthesele

2、ctionofmaterialsandmembertype,size,andconfigurationtocarryloadsinasafeandserviceablefashion.Ingeneral,structuraldesignimpliestheengineeringofstationaryobjectssuchasbuildingsandbridges,orobjectsthatmaybemobilebuthavearigidshapesuchasshiphullsandaircraftframes.Deviceswithpar

3、tsplannedtomovewithrelationtoeachother(linkages)aregenerallyassignedtotheareaofmechanical.Keywords:StructureDesign；Structuralanalysis；structuralscheme；ProjectrequirementsStructureDesignStructuraldesigninvolvedatleastfivedistinctphasesofwork:projectrequirements,materials,st

4、ructuralscheme,analysis,anddesign.Forunusualstructuresormaterialsasixphase,testing,shouldbeincluded.Thesephasesdonotproceedinarigidprogression,sincedifferentmaterialscanbemosteffectiveindifferentschemes,testingcanresultinchangetoadesign,andafinaldesignisoftenreachedbystart

5、ingwitharoughestimateddesign,thenloopingthroughseveralcyclesofanalysisandredesign.Often,severalalternativedesignswillprovequitecloseincost,strength,andserviceability.Thestructuralengineer,owner,orenduserwouldthenmakeaselectionbasedonotherconsiderations.Projectrequirements.

6、Beforestartingdesign,thestructuralengineermustdeterminethecriteriaforacceptableperformance.Theloadsorforcestoberesistedmustbeprovided.Forspecializedstructures,thismaybegivendirectly,aswhensupportingaknownpieceofmachinery,oracraneofknowncapacity.Forconventionalbuildings,bui

7、ldingscodesadoptedonamunicipal,county,or,statelevelprovideminimumdesignrequirementsforliveloads(occupantsandfurnishings,snowonroofs,andsoon).Theengineerwillcalculatedeadloads(structuralandknown,permanentinstallations)duringthedesignprocess.Forthestructuraltobeserviceableor

8、useful,deflectionsmustalsobekeptwithinlimits,sinceitispossibleforsafestructuraltobeuncomf