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1、本科畢業(yè)論文(20屆)刀具徑向磨損測量裝置設(shè)計(jì)專業(yè):機(jī)械設(shè)計(jì)制造及其自動(dòng)化摘要在現(xiàn)代化的制造系統(tǒng)中,為了保障自動(dòng)化加工設(shè)備的安全和加工質(zhì)量,迫切需要解決加工過程中的監(jiān)控問題。加工刀具是機(jī)械加工過程中最基本的加工要素之一,刀具磨損勢必會(huì)影響工件的加工表面質(zhì)量和尺寸精度,嚴(yán)重時(shí)甚至?xí)<皺C(jī)床、工件和人員的安全。另外,由于加工條件的多樣性、切削參數(shù)的多變性以及刀具磨損等因素使得刀具的狀態(tài)監(jiān)測成為整個(gè)生產(chǎn)過程監(jiān)測的重要環(huán)節(jié)。本設(shè)計(jì)旨在設(shè)計(jì)一種接觸式的刀具磨損測量裝置,通過該裝置可直接測得刀具的徑向磨損。其中這里刀具主要是大部分車刀。本課題的設(shè)計(jì)原理是傳統(tǒng)表面粗糙度測量儀的工作原理—針
2、描法又稱觸針法。當(dāng)觸針直接在工件被測表面上輕輕劃過時(shí),由于被測表面輪廓峰谷起伏,觸針將在垂直于被測輪廓表面方向上產(chǎn)生上下移動(dòng).把這種移動(dòng)通過千分表轉(zhuǎn)化為其指針的移動(dòng)幅度或具體的讀數(shù),并通過對(duì)移動(dòng)幅度或讀數(shù)的分析,得出刀具磨損的情況。本課題設(shè)計(jì)的測量裝置結(jié)構(gòu)主要由裝夾系統(tǒng)、導(dǎo)軌副、測量系統(tǒng)這三部分,通過聯(lián)接件和固定件組裝在一起。對(duì)于設(shè)計(jì)此測量裝置,通過對(duì)前人的基礎(chǔ)設(shè)計(jì)方案的分析對(duì)比,選取最合理的基礎(chǔ)設(shè)計(jì)方案。在此基礎(chǔ)方案上進(jìn)行創(chuàng)新,對(duì)裝置的各部分結(jié)構(gòu)進(jìn)行對(duì)比分析,選擇最合適的結(jié)構(gòu),使本設(shè)計(jì)的裝置在測量刀具磨損時(shí),更能體現(xiàn)出優(yōu)勢,使測量結(jié)果也更準(zhǔn)確。本課題設(shè)計(jì)的測量裝置結(jié)構(gòu)簡單,
3、使用方便,成本低,對(duì)于實(shí)際生產(chǎn)具有很重要的意義。關(guān)鍵詞:刀具磨損;測量裝置;徑向磨損AbstractInthesystemofmodernmanufacture,inordertoensurethesafetyandmachiningqualityoftheautomatedprocessingequipment,itisurgemtosolvetheproblemofmonitoring.Cuttingtoolisoneofthemostimportantfactorsinthemachiningprocess.Toolwearwillnotonlyaffectthequa
4、lityandprecisionoftheproducts,butalsomaydestroythemachineandtheworkpieees,evenendangerworkers’lives.Inaddition,duetothediversityofprocessingconditions.Thevariabilityofcuttingparametersandtoolwear,itmakestheconditionmonitoringofthecuttingtools,becomeamajortaebeintheentiremanufactureprocess.T
5、heprojectaimstodesignatoolwear-contactmeasuringdevice,throughthedevicecanbedirectlymeasuredradialtoolwear.Herethemaintoolwhichismostoftheturningtools.Thisdesignprincipleisthetraditionalmeasurementofsurfaceroughnessoftheworkingprinciple-alsoknownasneedledepictionoflaw.Whenthestylusdirectlyon
6、thegentlyacrossthesurfaceoftheworkpieceundertest,becausethemeasuredsurfaceprofilepeakanddowns,stylusinthedirectionperpendiculartothesurfaceofthemeasuredprofileupanddown.Thismovebythedialgaugepointermovesintotheirrangeorspecificreading,andreadingthroughtherangeofmovementortheanalysis,thetool
7、wearconditions.Measuringdevicedesignedforthisprojectstructureisdominatedbyclampingsystems,guidepair,measuringsystem,throughtheconnectionpiecesandassembledfixture.Forthedesignofthismeasuringdevice,basedonpreviousanalysisandcomparisonofdesign,selectthemost