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1、英語中各個時態(tài)的標志和時態(tài)間的區(qū)別一)一般現(xiàn)在時。(do/does,am/is/are,情態(tài)動詞)a.一般現(xiàn)在時表示的是客觀事實或平時反復做的事情通常有頻率副詞always,usually,often,sometimes,seldom,onceaweek,everyday等。如:Theearthgoesaroundthesun.JapanlieseastofChina.Heisneverlateforschool.Heoftengetsupatsixeveryday.Catscanclimbtrees.Iheartheyhavemovedintoanewhouse.Hewritesto
2、hisfatheronceayear.b.一般現(xiàn)在時還可以表示、安排好的,或即將發(fā)生的事,通常使用瞬間動詞come,start,begin,return,leave等。如:Myplaneleavesat6:00a.m..Isthereanymeetingtoday?Thegamestartsat8:00.(二)現(xiàn)在進行時。(am/is/aredoing)a.現(xiàn)在進行時表示現(xiàn)在或最近正在做的事情,后面一般接延續(xù)性的動詞,都表示動作沒有進行完。如:Look!Theboyisdancing.Heiswatchingafootballgame.Whatareyoudoingnow?Theyar
3、epreparingfortheexamrecently.b.還常與always,usually,constantly,forever,continually等詞連用表示一種語氣,“總是,老是…”,如:Heisalwaysworkinglate.第-9-頁共9頁Whyareyoualwaysmakingthiskindofmistake?Heiscontinuallygettingintotroublewiththepolice.c.后面接暫轉(zhuǎn)動詞時表示正在反復的動作,或表示將來時(一般只有g(shù)o,come,leave和have)如:Themonkeysarejumping.Theyar
4、ehittingthetree.表將來:Wearegoingswimmingthisafternoon.Theyareleavinghere.TheyarehavinganEnglishclasstomorrow.試比較:Heisdoinghishomeworkuntilhisparentscometotakehimhome.Hewilldohishomeworkuntilhisparentscometotakehimhome.注:表示知覺、感覺、看法、認識、情感或愿望的動詞和大部分暫轉(zhuǎn)動詞不能用現(xiàn)在進行時。如:see,hear,smell,taste,feel,like,hate,d
5、islike,want,love,hate,want,know,forget,remember,understand,believe,suppose,mean,wish,hope,need,believe,refuse,suppose,have,fit,seem,fear,own等(三)現(xiàn)在完成時a.現(xiàn)在完成時中用瞬間動詞表示說話時已經(jīng)完成的動作,而且這個動作對現(xiàn)在還有影響,句中的時間副詞主要有already,yet,now,bythistime,bynow等;用延續(xù)動詞表示過去已經(jīng)開始持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在而且還有可能繼續(xù)持續(xù)下去的動作,句中的時間副詞主要有thisweek,inthepast/
6、last/recentfewyears,since…,for…。如:Hehasalreadyfinishedhishomework.Hehasn’tarrivedhereyet.Theyhavebeenherefortenyears.Hehaswaitedheresincehecame.*與一般過去時比較,看下面一段對話:A:Haveyouseenmybook?IthinkIhavelostit.第-9-頁共9頁B:Yes,I______(see)itonyourtablejustnow.Butit______(notbe)thereanylonger.Whereandwhen____
7、__you______(lose)it?A:IthinkI______(lose)ityesterday.B:______you______(find)it?A:______.(Yes./No.)b.現(xiàn)在完成時中的瞬間動詞與延續(xù)動詞的相互轉(zhuǎn)化:havefinished/stopped/ended→havebeenoverhavestarted/begun→havebeenonhavejoined→havebeenin/amemberofhave