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1、現(xiàn)在分詞和過去分詞的用法1分詞在句子中作狀語，可以表示時(shí)間、條件、原因、結(jié)果、讓步、伴隨等。分詞做狀語時(shí)，它的邏輯主語與句子的主語一致。作狀語的分詞相當(dāng)于一個(gè)狀語從句。Hearingthenews,theyalljumpedwithjoy.Usingwhatyouknowofwordstemsandwordformations,youcanmakeaguessatthemeaningofanewword.Thestudentswentoutoftheclassroom,laughingandtalking.Accompaniedbyhisfrien
2、d,hewenttotherailwaystation.Givenbetterattention,theplantscouldgrowbetter.Helookedtiredanddepressed,visiblydisturbedbythenewsofhismother'sillness.分詞在句子中作狀語，使用何種分詞，要取決于分詞與句子主語的關(guān)系：主謂關(guān)系用現(xiàn)在分詞，動(dòng)賓或被動(dòng)關(guān)系用過去分詞。Nothavingenoughhands,weturnedtothemforhelp.(wedon'thaveenoughhands).Taughtby
3、mistakesandsetbacks,wehavebecomewiserandhandledouraffairsbetter.(Wearetaught/teachus).InspiredbytheInternational,theworkingpeopleofallcountrieshavebeenfightingfortheirfinalliberation.(Theworkingpeoplewereinspired/inspiretheworkingpeople)____theearthtobeflat,manyfearedthatColum
4、buswouldfallofftheedge.A)HavingbelievedB)BelievingC)BelievedD)Beingbelieved意為：相信地球是平的，許多人擔(dān)心哥倫布會(huì)從邊上掉下去。許多人與相信之間是主謂關(guān)系，及分詞與主語之間為主謂關(guān)系，因此，應(yīng)用現(xiàn)在分詞。Nomatterhowfrequently__,theworksofBeethovenalwaysattractlargeaudiences.A)performingB)performedC)tobeperformedD)beingperformed句中貝多芬的作品被反復(fù)表
5、演，可見分詞與句子的主語之間是被動(dòng)關(guān)系，應(yīng)該用過去分詞。____asitwasatsuchatime,hisworkattractedmuchattention.A)BeingpublishedB)PublishedC)PublishingD)Tobepublished句中as引導(dǎo)的是讓步狀語從句，意為：他的作品盡管在被這樣的時(shí)候出版，還是引起了關(guān)注，可見分詞與句子的主語之間是被動(dòng)關(guān)系，應(yīng)該用過去分詞。2“while(when,once,until,if,though等連詞)＋分詞”結(jié)構(gòu)現(xiàn)在分詞或過去分詞作狀語時(shí)，有時(shí)可以在分詞前加while，wh
6、en,once,although,until,if等連詞。Whenleavingtheairport,shewavedagainandagaintous.Whilewaitingforthetrain,Ihadalongtalkwithmysisteraboutherwork.Oncerecovered,hethrewhimselfintohisworkandmadeeveryefforttodoitwell.Althoughworkingveryhard,hefailedtopassthefinalexam.Iftranslatedwordbyw
7、ord,thepassagewillbedifficulttounderstand.3分詞作定語分詞作定語時(shí)，單個(gè)的分詞通常放在被修飾的名詞之前，分詞短語一般置于所修飾的中心詞后面?，F(xiàn)在分詞修飾的是發(fā)出該動(dòng)作的名詞(即與名詞有主謂關(guān)系)，過去分詞修飾承受該動(dòng)作的名詞(即與名詞是動(dòng)賓關(guān)系)。Wewillgoonwithourexperimentassoonaswegettheaddedfund.Thisisreallyanexhaustingdaytoallofus!Wecanseethepartofthemoonlightedbysunlight.
8、Afteranightspentinexcitementandsleeplessness,Iforcedmyselftot
