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1、現(xiàn)在分詞和過去分詞的區(qū)別和用法今天我們要學(xué)習(xí)的語法是:現(xiàn)在分詞和過去分詞的區(qū)別和用法。我們先看看現(xiàn)在分詞和過去分詞主要差別在于:現(xiàn)在分詞表示“主動(dòng)和進(jìn)行”,過去分詞表示“被動(dòng)和完成”(不及物動(dòng)詞的過去分詞不表示被動(dòng),只表示完成)。分詞可以有自己的狀語、賓語或邏輯主語等?!”硎景殡S1.分詞作狀語分詞在句子中作狀語,可以表示時(shí)間、條件、原因、結(jié)果(補(bǔ)充說明)、讓步、伴隨等。分詞做狀語時(shí),它的邏輯主語與句子的主語一致。作狀語的分詞相當(dāng)于一個(gè)狀語從句。Eg.Hearingthenews,theyalljumpedwithjoy.Usingwhatyouknowofwordstemsandword
2、formations,youcanmakeaguessatthemeaningofanewword.Thestudentswentoutoftheclassroom,laughingandtalking.Accompaniedbyhisfriend,hewenttotherailwaystation.Givenbetterattention,theplantscouldgrowbetter.Helookedtiredanddepressed,visiblydisturbedbythenewsofhismother'sillness. 分詞在句子中作狀語,使用何種分詞,要取決于分詞與句子
3、主語的關(guān)系:主謂關(guān)系用現(xiàn)在分詞,動(dòng)賓或被動(dòng)關(guān)系用過去分詞。 Eg.Notshavingsenoughhands,weturnedtothemforhelp.(wedon'thaveenoughhands) Taughtbymistakesandsetbacks,wehavebecomewiserandhandledouraffairsbetter.(wearetaught/teachus)InspiredbyLeifeng,thepeopleinChinaworkedveryhardtoachievetheirmodernization.____theearthtobeflat,ma
4、nyfearedthatColumbuswouldfallofftheedge.(CET-41996,6)A)HavingbelievedB)BelievingC)BelievedD)Beingbelieved本句意思為:相信地球是平的,許多人擔(dān)心哥倫布會(huì)從邊上掉下去。許多人與相信之間是主謂關(guān)系,及分詞與主語之間為主謂關(guān)系?! omatterhowfrequently____,theworksofBeethovenalwaysattractlargeaudiences.(CET-41995,6)A)performingB)performedC)tobeperformedD)beingp
5、erformed本句中貝多芬的作品被反復(fù)表演,可見分詞與句子的主語之間是被動(dòng)關(guān)系,應(yīng)該用過去分詞,故答案為B.____asitwasatsuchatime,hisworkattractedmuchattention.(CET-41996,1) A)BeingpublishedB)PublishedC)PublishingD)Tobepublished 2)“while(when,once,until,if,though等連詞)+分詞”結(jié)構(gòu)現(xiàn)在分詞或過去分詞作狀語時(shí),有時(shí)可以在分詞前加while,when,once,although,until,if等連詞?! g.Whenleavi
6、ngtheairport,shewavedagainandagaintous.Whilewaitingforthetrain,Ihadalongtalkwithmysisteraboutherwork. 該文章轉(zhuǎn)載自無憂考網(wǎng):http://www.51test.net/show/536661.htmlformed本句中貝多芬的作品被反復(fù)表演,可見分詞與句子的主語之間是被動(dòng)關(guān)系,應(yīng)該用過去分詞,故答案為B.____asitwasatsuchatime,hisworkattractedmuchattention.(CET-41996,1) A)BeingpublishedB)Publis
7、hedC)PublishingD)Tobepublished 2)“while(when,once,until,if,though等連詞)+分詞”結(jié)構(gòu)現(xiàn)在分詞或過去分詞作狀語時(shí),有時(shí)可以在分詞前加while,when,once,although,until,if等連詞?! g.Whenleavingtheairport,shewavedagainandagaintous.Whilewaitingforthetrain,Ihada