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1、EnglishRhetoric第三講:美學(xué)修辭AestheticRhetoricChapter9SyntacticFiguresofSpeech(Ⅱ)9.1Climax9.2Anticlimax9.3Syllepsis9.4Zeugma9.5Chiasmus9.6Asyndeton9.7Polysyndeton9.8Rhetoricalquestion9.1ClimaxClimax(層進(jìn)法):isthearrangementofwords,phrases,clausesorsentencesinascendingorderofimportance,forceandintensity,froml
2、ighttoweighty.Ideasarrangedinsuchawaydevelopgradually,likeclimbingaladder,eachideaoutweighingtheprecedingoneuntilreachingthesummit.Forexample:1.Whatlightistotheeyes,whatairistothelungs,whatloveistotheheart,libertyistothesoulofman.(R.G.Ingersoll)2.ItisanoutragetobindaRomancitizen;toscourgehimisacrime
3、;toputhimtodeathisalmostparricide.(Cicero)3.Theworldwatches.Theworldlistens.Theworldwaitstoseewhatwewilldo.(RichardNixon)4.Somebooksaretobetasted,otherstobeswallowed,andsomefewtobechewedanddigested.(FrancisBacon)Thesuccessfulconstructionofclimaxdependsmuchonthecharacterofthethoughtandgoodcommandofvo
4、cabulary.climaxiswidelyusedbyspeakersandwriterstostirupfeelingsandemotionsanddrivehomeapoint.Theprogressionofthoughtinclimaxmustascendatleastthreesteps,andusedtogetherwithrepetitivedevicessuchasparallelism,anaphora,epiphora.Forexample:1.Addtoyourfaithvirtue;andtovirtueAddtoyourfaithvirtue;andtovirtu
5、eknowledge;andtoknowledgetemperance;Andtotemperancepatience;andtopatiencegodliness;andtogodlinessbrotherlykindness;andtobrotherlykindnesscharity.(TheBible)2.Havingpowermakestotalitarianleadershipisolated;isolationbreedsinsecurity;insecuritybreedssuspicionandfear;suspicionandfearbreedsviolence.9.1Cli
6、max9.2AnticlimaxAnticlimax(突降法):afigureofspeechthatinvolvesstatingone’sthoughtsindescendingorderofsignificanceorintensity,fromthesublimetotheridiculous,fromstrongtoweak,fromweightytolightorfrivolous.Popecallsittheartofsinking,asortofladdertogetdownby.Forexample:1.Weoftenjokedabouthispassionatelovefo
7、rhisdaughter,hiscatandhisashtray.2.Whereshallwefindhope,happiness,friendsandcigarettes?3.Therewerenoheroicdeedstodo,nolionstoface,nojudgestodefy,butafewroomstotidyup.4.Ilovemymotherland,Ilovemypeople,
