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1、英語修辭手法（Englishrhetoric）1)Simile：(明喻）Itisafigureofspeechwhichmakesacomparisonbetweentwounlikeelementshavingatleastonequalityorcharacteristic(特性)incommon.Tomakethecomparison,wordslikeas,as...as,asifandlikeareusedtotransferthequalityweassociatewithonetotheother?明喻（simile）是以兩
2、種具有相同特征的事物和現(xiàn)象進(jìn)行對比，表明本體和喻體之間的相似關(guān)系，兩者都在對比中出現(xiàn)。常用比喻詞like,as,asif,asthough等Forexample,Ascoldwaterstoathirstysoul,soisgood?newsfromafarcountry./Thiselephantislikeasnakeasanybodycansee.2)Metaphor：(暗喻）Itislikeasimile,alsomakesacomparisonbetweentwounlikeelements,butunlikeasimile,t
3、hiscomparisonisimpliedratherthanstated.隱喻（metaphor）這種比喻不通過比喻詞進(jìn)行，而是直接將用事物當(dāng)作乙事物來描寫，甲乙兩事物之間的聯(lián)系和相似之處是暗含的。Forexample,theworldisastage./Thediamonddepartmentwastheheartandcenterofthestore.3)Analogy:(類比）Itisalsoaformofcomparison,butunlikesimileormetaphorwhichusuallyusescomparison
4、ononepointofresemblance,analogydrawsaparallelbetweentwounlikethingsthathaveseveralcommonqualitiesorpointsofresemblance.4)Personification:(擬人）Itgiveshumanformoffeelingstoanimals,orlifeandpersonalattributes(賦予)toinanimate(無生命的)objects,ortoideasandabstractions(抽象).擬人（personi
5、fication）這種修辭方法是把人類的特點、特性加于外界事物之上，使之人格化，以物擬人，以達(dá)到彼此交融，合二為一。1、Shemayhavetensofthousandofbabiesinonesummer.(From“WatchingAnts”)一個夏天她可能生育成千上萬個孩子。這里用“she”和“babies”把蜜蜂比作人類婦女的生育。Forexample,thewindwhistledthroughthetrees.5)Hyperbole:(夸張）?Itisthedeliberateuseofoverstatementorexagg
6、erationtoachieveemphasis.夸張（hyperbole）這是運用豐富的想象，過激的言詞，渲染和裝飾客觀事物，以達(dá)到強(qiáng)調(diào)的效果。1、Mybloodfroze.我的血液都凝固了。Forinstance,healmostdiedlaughing.?6)Understatement:(含蓄陳述）?Itistheoppositeofhyperbole,oroverstatement.Itachievesitseffectofemphasizingafactbydeliberately(故意地)understatingit,imp
7、ressingthelistenerorthereadermorebywhatismerelyimpliedorleftunsaidthanbybarestatement.Forinstance,Itisnolaughingmatter.?7)Euphemism:(委婉）Itisthesubstitutionofanagreeableorinoffensive(無冒犯)expressionforonethatmayoffendorsuggestsomethingunpleasant.Forinstance,wereferto"die"as
8、”passaway".?8)Metonymy(轉(zhuǎn)喻）?Itisafigureofspeechthathastodowiththesubstitutionofthemaneofonethingf
