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1、情感因素與外語教學(xué)摘要:認知和情感是語言教學(xué)中不可分離的兩個方面,但是由于傳統(tǒng)的以考試為中心的教育評價制度,使我國的外語教學(xué)都將培養(yǎng)學(xué)生的認知技能放在了首位,而忽略了學(xué)習(xí)者情感因素的培養(yǎng),不但導(dǎo)致英語教學(xué)效率低下,也使學(xué)習(xí)者身心不能得到全面、健康的發(fā)展,影響學(xué)生的可持續(xù)發(fā)展。來自學(xué)生的焦慮問題調(diào)查結(jié)果支持了以上的觀點,同時也找出了導(dǎo)致學(xué)生外語學(xué)習(xí)焦慮的最主要原因一一害怕否定評價和缺乏模糊容忍度。針對這些實際情況,筆者提出了降低外語學(xué)習(xí)焦慮的幾點設(shè)想:建立融洽的師生關(guān)系,營造良好的課堂氣氛;不糾錯、少糾錯,幫助學(xué)生建立一定的模糊容忍度:以合作學(xué)習(xí)的方式減輕學(xué)生的心理壓力。并用實驗對這
2、些設(shè)想進行了驗證。本文以第二語言習(xí)得中的情感因素相關(guān)理論為指導(dǎo),在教學(xué)實踐的調(diào)查和實驗中,摸索外語學(xué)習(xí)焦慮問題的解決方案,目的在于有效地提高英語教學(xué)的效率。關(guān)鍵詞:情感;情感因素;模糊容忍度;合作學(xué)習(xí)AffectandForeignLanguageTeachingandLearningAbstractAffectivefactorsandcognitivefactorsaretwoimportantpartsofEnglishlearning.However,Englishteachinginrecentyearshastakenintospecialconsiderationth
3、enecessityofknowledgeandintelligenceandcomparativelyignoredthedevelopmentofaffection.Itmaygreatlyreducestudents’Englishlearningcapacityandlimitthewholedevelopmentofstudents.Thepresentthesisistoanalyzeaffectandsomeimportantaffectivefactorsinthesecondlanguagelearningprocess.Fromthequestionnaires
4、onstudents’languageanxiety,thewriterfindsoutsomebasiccausesleadingtotheiranxietyinforeignlanguagelearning.Theexperimentsonthepositiveandnegativeroleofanxietydemonstratethatanappropriateamountoftensioncanmakethestudentsattentiveinlearningaforeignlanguage.Nevertheless,anxietyalwaysplaysanegative
5、roleinoralcommunication.Theauthorsuggeststhataffectivefactorsshouldbeofvitalimportanceinlanguageteachingandboththesecondlanguageteachersandstudentsshouldbesufficientlyawareoftheaboveaffectivefactorsinsecondlanguageacquisitionandavoidofbuildinguphighaffectivebarriers,whichwouldpreventthestudent
6、sfromlearningthetargetlanguage.Teachersshouldtrytocreateassociationofpositiveaffecttowardsthesecondlanguageanditsspeakersaswellastowardsthelearningactivitiesinvolved.Finallythesignificanceofthistheseistofindoutaneffectivewaytosolvetheaffectiveproblems,esp.anxiety,inlearningaforeignlanguage,usi
7、ngsomebasictheoriesonaffectivefactors,soastoimproveourEnglishteaching.KeyWords:Affect;affectivefactors;cooperativelanguagelearningTableofContents1.Introduction1.1.Backgroundinformation………………………………………………………..1.2.Literaturereview………………………