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1、中國的傳統(tǒng)節(jié)日China'sTraditionalFestivals中國的傳統(tǒng)節(jié)日(Zhōngguódechuántǒngjiērì,China'sTraditionalFestivals)中國的傳統(tǒng)節(jié)日數(shù)量眾多,據(jù)統(tǒng)計(jì),源于漢族的民間節(jié)日有150多個,少數(shù)民族節(jié)日更多。源于漢族的一些傳統(tǒng)節(jié)日不僅流行,而且也為少數(shù)民族接受,有的還在眾多民族中廣泛傳播,成為全國性的節(jié)日,像春節(jié)、端午節(jié)和中秋節(jié),通常合稱“中國三大傳統(tǒng)節(jié)日”。后面還會有源于漢族的中國傳統(tǒng)節(jié)日的相關(guān)介紹。Chinahasalargenumberof
2、traditionalfestivals.Thereareatleastsome150folkfestivalsoriginatedfromtheHancommunities.FestivalsfromethnicminoritiesareevenmoreinnumberthatthatoftheHanChinese.SometraditionalfestivalsofHanChinesearenotonlypopular,butalsowellacceptedamongminoritygroups.Some
3、haveevenbecomenationalholidays,suchastheSpringFestival,theDragonBoatFestivalandtheMid-AutumnFestival,whichareknownasthethreemajortraditionalfestivalsinChina.Comingupinthefollowandinotherlessons,wewilloffermoreonsometraditionalfestivalsthathaveoriginatedfrom
4、theHanChineseculture.中國農(nóng)歷(Zhōngguónónglì,China’sLunarCalendar)相傳在4000多年前的夏朝,即中國歷史上第一個奴隸制王朝就開始有了歷法,后人把當(dāng)時中國古老的傳統(tǒng)歷法叫“夏歷”(XiàLì)。夏歷是按月亮的運(yùn)行周期制定的,故又稱作“陰歷”(YīnLì)。由于夏歷中有一年四季節(jié)氣的變化和農(nóng)事安排,所以后世又習(xí)慣稱之為“農(nóng)歷”,也就是今天所說的“中國農(nóng)歷”。Accordingtolegend,China’sfirstslavedynastyinhistor
5、y-theXiaDynastydatingbackover4000yearsagodevelopedthefirstcalendar.TheancienttraditionalChinesecalendarwaslaterknownasthe"XiaCalendar”.Sinceitwasbasedontherotatingcycleofthemoon,itisalsoknownasthe"LunarCalendar".AstheXiarevolvesaroundfarmingarrangementsbase
6、dontheseasons,itiscommonlycalled"NongLi”,literallythefarmingmooncalendar,alsoknownastheChinaLunarCalendar.春節(jié)(Chūnjiē,TheSpringotherstaffoftheCentre.Duringthewar,ZhuwastransferredbacktoJiangxi,andDirectorofthenewOfficeinJingdezhen,JiangxiCommitteeSecretary.S
7、tartingin1939servedasrecorderoftheWestNorthOrganization,SecretaryoftheSpecialCommitteeAfterthevictoryofthelongMarch,hehasbeentheNorthwestOfficeoftheFederationofStateenterprisesMinister,ShenmufuguSARmissions,DirectorofNingxiaCountypartyCommitteeSecretaryandr
8、ecorderoftheCountypartyCommitteeSecretary,MinistersandFestival)春節(jié),又稱中國農(nóng)歷新年,是中國最大、最隆重的傳統(tǒng)節(jié)日。春節(jié)在中國農(nóng)歷正月初一,古稱“元旦”,1911年后改稱春節(jié)。廣義上說,中國的春節(jié)從每年臘月二十三或二十四“祭灶王爺”(簡稱“祭灶”)之日開始,往下一直延伸至正月十五的元宵節(jié),歡度節(jié)日的時間長達(dá)近一月。春節(jié)表示除舊迎新,除漢