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1、專題三非謂語動(dòng)詞動(dòng)詞不定式一、不定式在句子中的作用主語A.Itis(was)+adj.(n.)+todosthB.It+vt.+n.(pron.)+todosthIt’softendifficultformetodecidedwhattodo.Itmadeusveryangrytohearhimtalklikethat.表語A.表示預(yù)定要發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或未來的可能性或假設(shè)B.說明主語的內(nèi)容C.用于正式的指示或命令HeistoreturnfromParistomorrow.Myjobistowashplates.Threetabletsaretobetakentwicea
2、day.賓語A.接動(dòng)詞不定式做賓語(afford,agree,decide,expect,happen,hope,wish,refuse,etc.)Theyexpectedtoseethebosssoon.B.Subj.+vt.+it+adj.(n.)todosth.Doyouconsideritbetternottogo?賓語補(bǔ)足語基本結(jié)構(gòu)：Subj.+vt.+sb.+todosth.(allow,ask,order,want,expect,force,etc)Theyexpectedthegirltosucceedintheexamination.狀語表示目的、
3、結(jié)果和原因等Welivetoservethepeople.Let’shurrysoasnottobelateforthemeeting.WhathaveIsaidtomakeyousoexcited?Wejumpedwithjoytohearthenews.定語A.動(dòng)賓關(guān)系(不定式修飾的詞是不定式動(dòng)作邏輯上的賓語)Doyouhaveanythingmoretosay?(n.+todo.)Thereisnothingtoworryabout.(n.+tovi+prep.)Let’sfindaroomtoputthebikein.(n.+tovt+n.+p.)Wehav
4、en’tachairtobeseatedin.(n.+tobev-ed+p.)Ihavealettertowrite.Ihaveapentowritewith.Ihavenoinktowritein.9Ihavenopapertowriteon.B.主謂關(guān)系(不定式修飾的詞是不定式邏輯上的主語)Heisn’tamantobowbeforedifficulties.Shewasthefirstpersontothinkoftheidea.C.純粹定語(被修飾詞通常是time,way等）It’stimetogohome.Isthatthebestwaytosolveth
5、eproblem?二、TO代替整個(gè)動(dòng)詞不定式當(dāng)動(dòng)詞不定式重復(fù)前面的某個(gè)動(dòng)詞時(shí)，可以使用to代替，而省略該動(dòng)詞。IwenttherebecauseIwantedto(go).Idon’tdancemuchnow,butIusedto(dance)alot.Anyonewhowantsto(goforawalk)cangoforawalkroundAswan.三、“TO”的省略①感覺動(dòng)詞、使役動(dòng)詞后面的to常省略，但是被動(dòng)語態(tài)中的to不能省略②兩個(gè)動(dòng)詞不定式由and、or、but、than、except等連接在一起時(shí)，第二個(gè)不定式常常省略toI’dliketoliedo
6、wnandgotosleep.I’lldoanythingbutworkonafarm.Doyouwanttohavelunchnoworwaittilllater?It’seasiertopersuadepeoplethan(to)forcethem.③口語中，在come、go、run、hurryup等動(dòng)詞后，可用and代替表示目的動(dòng)詞不定式Comeandhaveadrink.Wouldyougoandtellthemtoshutup?④hadbetter(not)dosth.⑤wouldratherdosth(thandosth)He’dratherwatchT
7、Vthangotoseeafilm.⑥prefertodosthratherthandosthRatherthanwait,hepreferstogohomeonfoot.⑦Why(not)dosth?四、動(dòng)詞不定式的復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)①forsbtodosthIt’samistakeforusnottohelpthem.Thecoffeewastoohotformetodrink.②It’s+adj.+ofsbtodosth(kind,nice,brave,stupid,clever,etc.)It’skindofyoutothinksomuchofme.五、be+ad
