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1、中文摘要波浪作用是海堤等近岸建筑物設(shè)計(jì)和施工時(shí)必須重點(diǎn)考慮的問題之一，它關(guān)系著沿海地區(qū)的安全。本文建立了堤前波浪數(shù)值模型，并以此為基礎(chǔ)初步設(shè)計(jì)了堤前波浪數(shù)值模擬的可視化軟件，以期作為較為便利的工具，為海堤合理設(shè)計(jì)方案的選擇提供依據(jù)。(1)首先建立了波浪數(shù)值水槽，通過求解雷諾方程和連續(xù)方程，模擬了堤前的波浪場(chǎng)。采用源造波法實(shí)現(xiàn)了模擬不規(guī)則波長(zhǎng)時(shí)間連續(xù)造波并消除了波浪遇建筑物產(chǎn)生的反射波的影響。對(duì)開敞邊界，采用了海綿阻尼消波層和sommerfeld條件相結(jié)合的處理方式。對(duì)自由表面采用了VOF法處理。波面及波譜數(shù)值計(jì)算值與理論值吻合很好，波浪力數(shù)值計(jì)算結(jié)果與《海港水文規(guī)范》推
2、薦公式、合田良實(shí)公式及試驗(yàn)結(jié)果基本一致，說明所建立的數(shù)值波浪水槽合理可行。(2)利用建立的波浪數(shù)學(xué)模型分別對(duì)直立堤前的波浪場(chǎng)和復(fù)雜結(jié)構(gòu)形式海堤堤面波浪作用進(jìn)行了研究。通過計(jì)算在規(guī)則立波、不規(guī)則立波、規(guī)則遠(yuǎn)破波、不規(guī)則遠(yuǎn)破波作用下直立堤前的速度場(chǎng)，分析了各速度場(chǎng)之間的差異，總結(jié)了堤前底部速度沿程變化規(guī)律，探究了堤前沖淤形態(tài)的形成機(jī)理。并對(duì)幾種復(fù)雜形式海堤堤面波浪力進(jìn)行了計(jì)算，揭示了不規(guī)則波作用下復(fù)雜結(jié)構(gòu)形式海堤波浪力分布規(guī)律，模擬了堤前波浪形態(tài)變化，為探討合理的海堤結(jié)構(gòu)形式提供了依據(jù)。(3)為了增強(qiáng)本模型的實(shí)用性，實(shí)現(xiàn)計(jì)算結(jié)果的可視化，初步開發(fā)了波浪數(shù)值模擬可視化軟件。關(guān)
3、鍵詞：波浪數(shù)值水槽源造波直立堤復(fù)雜結(jié)構(gòu)形式海堤波浪場(chǎng)可視化ABSTRACTWavemotionisoneoftheimportantproblemswhichmustbeconsideredcarefullywhilethestructuressuchasbreakwaters黜designedorbuilt．Thismattermaythreatenthesafetyofcoastalarea．Inthispaper,numericalmodelofthewavemotionsinfrontofseawallisconstrugtcd．Baseonit,related
4、visualsoRwareismadeinordertobeusedasaconvenienttoolforengineers．(1)Anumcr／calwaveflumeisbuilt．1hewavefieldinfrontofbreakwaterismodeledbysolvingR∞moldsAveragedNavier-Stokes(PANS、equationandcontinuj夠equation．111esourcegenemtionofwavesisadoptedtosimulatesuccessivelong-timewavegenerationofwa
5、vesandabsorbthereflectedwavesfromastructure．CombinedwiththeSommerfeldcondition,spongelayerforwavedampingabsorberisusedtotheopenboundary．Totrackfreesurfaces，theVolumeofFlllid(VOF)methodisapplied．Agreementbetweentheanal蜘caldataandthenumericalresultsisgood．(2)Basedon也enumericalwaveflumebuil
6、tabove，wavemotionsinfrontofverticalbreakwatersandwavepressureinfrontofcompositebreakwatershavebeenstudied．Bycomparedthevelocityfieldsunderdifferentwavecondition,thedistributionrulesofbottomvelocityhasbeenrevealedandthemechanismofscouringanddepositinginfrontofbreakwaterundertheactionofreg
7、ularbrokenwavesisanalyzedfurther．Ontheotherhand,Wavepressuresacted0nsomekindsofcompositebreakwatershavebeenealculateA．Thedistributionrulesofthe∞pressureshavebeenconcludedforchoosingreasonableshape．(3)Inordertoincreasepracticabilityofthemodelandvisualizationoftheresults,vi
