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1、CulturalFactorsinEnglishTeachingandLearningI.IntroductionNowadays,cultureplaysaveryimportantroleintheforeignlanguageclassroom.Becauseculturaldifferencesmaygiverisetomisunderstandingthatexistsininterculturalcommunication.SotheteachingofcultureintheEnglishclassroomha
2、sbeenbecomingaheatedtopicandpeoplepaymoreandmoreattentiontotheculturalstudiesandinterculturalcommunicationinrecentyears.Therefore,cultureteachingisfeasibleintheforeignlanguageclassroom.ItcanhelpEnglishlearnersraisetheculturalawarenessanddevelopthecommunicativecompe
3、tence.Manyresearchersandeducatorsworldwidewrotearticlestopresenttheirviewsontheimportanceofcultureteachingandtheprinciplesandmethodstocarryoutcultureteaching.MostofEnglishteachershavealreadyrecognizedtheimpossibilityofanEnglishacquisitionwithouttherelevantculturalu
4、nderstanding.BothscholarsandpractitionershavereachedaconsensusthattheinclusionofculturalteachinginEnglishclassroomshouldbeamust.D.hymes,thewell-knownAmericansociolinguist,heldthatcommunicativecompetenceshouldincludenotonlylinguisticcompetence,butalsothefullundersta
5、ndingandagoodcommandofthesocioculturalelementscloselyrelatedtothelanguageuse.Inthecurrentunderstandingoftheplaceofcultureinsecondandforeignlanguagepedagogy,theworkofMichaelByramhasplayedaprominentrole.Inthelate1980s,Byramobservedthatculturerepresents“hidden”curricu
6、luminsecondandforeignlanguageteaching.Heindicatedthatlanguageteachingcanrarelytakeplacewithoutimplicitlyteachingthecultureofitsspeakersbecauselanguageinvariablyreferstotheirknowledgeandperceptionsoftheworld,theconceptsofcultureandculturelearning.Byramalsopointedout
7、thatcommunicativecompetenceinvolves“appropriatelanguageusewhich,inpartatleast,isculturespecific”(Byram61).Inpractice,theimportanceofteachingforeignculturehasbeenrecognizedawealthofsuggestionsonclassroomtreatmentofculturalaspectshasbeenofferedbyAllenandValette.Besid
8、es,AmericanappliedlinguistG.Robinsonputforwardanimportantconceptthatthroughlanguageandculturalteachinglearnerswouldgain“culturalversatility”.That
