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1、CulturalFactorsinEnglishTeachingandLearningI.IntroductionNowadays,cultureplaysaveryimportantroleintheforeignlanguageclassroom.Becauseculturaldifferencesmaygiverisetomisunderstandingthatexistsininterculturalcommunication.SotheteachingofcultureintheEnglishclassroomhasbeenbecomingaheatedto
2、picandpeoplepaymoreandmoreattentiontotheculturalstudiesandinterculturalcommunicationinrecentyears.Therefore,cultureteachingisfeasibleintheforeignlanguageclassroom.ItcanhelpEnglishlearnersraisetheculturalawarenessanddevelopthecommunicativecompetence.Manyresearchersandeducatorsworldwidewr
3、otearticlestopresenttheirviewsontheimportanceofcultureteachingandtheprinciplesandmethodstocarryoutcultureteaching.MostofEnglishteachershavealreadyrecognizedtheimpossibilityofanEnglishacquisitionwithouttherelevantculturalunderstanding.Bothscholarsandpractitionershavereachedaconsensusthat
4、theinclusionofculturalteachinginEnglishclassroomshouldbeamust.D.hymes,thewell-knownAmericansociolinguist,heldthatcommunicativecompetenceshouldincludenotonlylinguisticcompetence,butalsothefullunderstandingandagoodcommandofthesocioculturalelementscloselyrelatedtothelanguageuse.Inthecurren
5、tunderstandingoftheplaceofcultureinsecondandforeignlanguagepedagogy,theworkofMichaelByramhasplayedaprominentrole.Inthelate1980s,Byramobservedthatculturerepresents“hidden”curriculuminsecondandforeignlanguageteaching.Heindicatedthatlanguageteachingcanrarelytakeplacewithoutimplicitlyteachi
6、ngthecultureofitsspeakersbecauselanguageinvariablyreferstotheirknowledgeandperceptionsoftheworld,theconceptsofcultureandculturelearning.Byramalsopointedoutthatcommunicativecompetenceinvolves“appropriatelanguageusewhich,inpartatleast,isculturespecific”(Byram61).Inpractice,theimportanceof
7、teachingforeignculturehasbeenrecognizedawealthofsuggestionsonclassroomtreatmentofculturalaspectshasbeenofferedbyAllenandValette.Besides,AmericanappliedlinguistG.Robinsonputforwardanimportantconceptthatthroughlanguageandculturalteachinglearnerswouldgain“culturalversatility”.That
