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1、TheEmbodimentofConsumerisminSisterCarrie摘要西奧多德萊塞是美國著名的作家之一。他的第一部長篇小說為《嘉莉妹妹》(1900),通過農(nóng)村姑娘嘉莉到芝加哥謀生而成為名演員的故事,揭露了資本主義社會(huì)繁榮外衣掩蓋下的生存斗爭,刻意地描寫了人們?cè)谟拖M(fèi)上的越界,以犀利的筆鋒描繪了道德敗壞。因而大多數(shù)批評(píng)家認(rèn)為《嘉莉妹妹》宣揚(yáng)的是道德敗壞和人性墮落。這部小說因被指控“有破壞性”而長期禁止發(fā)行,但一些散發(fā)出去的贈(zèng)閱本卻引起了許多重要作家的注意。本文把《嘉莉妹妹》放到19世紀(jì)末二十
2、世紀(jì)初美國的消費(fèi)文化語境中來研究,從消費(fèi)主義角度來探討和分析作者在作品中所描繪的生動(dòng)場景。消費(fèi)文化放在當(dāng)時(shí)的背景來講,它就意味著對(duì)物質(zhì)財(cái)富的擁有和奢華的消費(fèi)方式,商品不僅意味著滿足人們的生活的基本需要,它已經(jīng)成為身份和地位的象征,人們更加注重自身的享受,甚至是將享受當(dāng)作自己所必須承擔(dān)的一種責(zé)任。德萊塞的《嘉莉妹妹》通過大量的細(xì)節(jié)性描寫,諸如人們對(duì)服飾,金錢,豪宅的欲望,尤其是通過對(duì)嘉莉妹妹消費(fèi)欲望的塑造,我們可以看出嘉莉妹妹正是這種新興消費(fèi)文化的典型代表,并且深陷其中,作者通通過其作品大量寫實(shí)性的情節(jié)向我們
3、展示了一幅19世紀(jì)末20世紀(jì)初美國消費(fèi)文化的真實(shí)景象。?關(guān)鍵詞:美國社會(huì);消費(fèi)主義;嘉莉妹妹;消費(fèi)欲望Abstract?TheodoreDreiseristhemostfamousAmericanwriterofnaturalistisminAmerica.Hisfirstnovel,SisterCarrie,deliberatelydescribestransgressiononhumandesiresandconsumption,andsocialimmoralitywithasharpstyle.Th
4、ispaperputSisterCarrieintheearlytwentiethcenturyofthecontextofconsumercultureinAmerica,weexploreandanalyzealivelyscenetheauthordepictedinhisworksfromtheviewofconsumerism.Onthebackgroundofconsumerculture,itmeansthattheownersofmaterialwealthandluxuryconsumpt
5、ionstyle.Goodsnotonlyreferstothebasicneedsofpeople'slives,italsohasbecomeasymbolofidentityandstatus.Peoplepaymoreattentiontotheirownenjoyment,andevenconsierthisenjoymentasaresponsibilitytheybear.InDreiser'sSisterCarrie,wecanseeSisterCarrieisatypicalreprese
6、ntativeoneofconsumerculturebyalotofthedetailsofthedescription,suchaspeople'sclothing,money,desireluxury,especiallythroughtheconsumptioncultureofSisterCarriedesiretoshape.Theauthorsshowuslargenumbersofrealisticworksofthecircumstancesinthelate19thcenturyande
7、arly20thcenturythroughthetruepictureoftheU.S.consumerculture.?Keywords:Americansociety;consumptionism;SisterCarrie;Consumingdesires?1.Introduction?1.1AutherTheodoreDreiserandHisLiteraryAchievements?KnowntobesignificantasafoundinginfluenceonthelatterAmerica
8、nnaturalistschool,TheodoreDreiserwasoneofAmerica'sgreatestnaturalistwriters.HewastheleadingfigureinanationalliterarymovementthatreplacedtheobservanceofVictoriannotionsofproprietywiththeunflinchingpresentation