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1、高考講座:語法填空—動詞語法填空----解讀“用所給動詞的適當形式填空”題2011年普通高等學校招生全國統(tǒng)一考試(廣東A卷)Igotonthebusandfoundaseatneartheback,andthenInoticedaman18(sit)atthefront.He19(pretend)thatatigertoywasrealandgivingitavoice.語法填空題分為兩種題型1.純空格題2.用所給詞適當形式填空。這種題型主要涉及動詞的時態(tài)和語態(tài)、形容詞和副詞的比較等級、詞性轉(zhuǎn)換等三類語法考點。下面對用所給動詞的適當形式填空這一考
2、點進行解讀。分清謂語動詞和非謂語動詞在語法填空題中,要根據(jù)上下文填寫所給動詞的適當形式,首先要判斷它在句中充當謂語還是非語。(1)若句中沒有謂語動詞,所給動詞就是謂語動詞;(2)若句中已有謂語動詞,看是否有and或or等連接并列謂語,考慮用謂語動詞。(3)若句中已有謂語動詞,又不是并列謂語時,所給的動詞就是非謂語動詞。解題技巧1sit和pretend這兩個動詞是作謂語還是非謂語?Igotonthebusandfoundaseatneartheback,andthenInoticedaman(sit)atthefront.He(pretend)th
3、atatigertoywasrealandgivingitavoice.sitting/sitwaspretending若判斷所給動詞是謂語動詞,則考慮:時態(tài)語態(tài)人稱數(shù)的一致性解題技巧2例題1:Thisproverbissayingwehavetoletthingsgointheirnaturalcourse.Beingtooanxioustohelpaneventdevelopoften40(result)inthecontrarytoourintention.(2008廣東)例2:Thepoliceman’sattentionwassudde
4、nlycaughtbyasmallboxwhich__________(place)undertheMinister’scar.(2005廣東)ExercisesBesides,shoppingatthistimeoftheyearwasnotapleasantexperience:peoplesteppedonyourfeetor(34)_________(push)youwiththeirelbows,hurryingaheadtogettoabargain.(2009年廣東)pushed2.Iftheirmarketingplanssucc
5、eed,they_____________(increase)theirsalesby20percent.(全國Ⅱ)3.Thesunwassettingwhenmycar31________(break)downneararemoteandpoorvillage.(2007年廣東)willincreasebroke若判斷所給動詞是非謂語動詞;則考慮:doingdonetodo解題技巧3確定用doing,todo或者done的方法有:①作主語或賓語,通常用-ing形式,有時也可用不定式②作目的狀,意想不到的結(jié)果狀語一般用不定式。表示自然結(jié)果時,用-
6、ing形式③若判斷用分詞,與邏輯主語是主動關(guān)系用-ing形式,是被動關(guān)系用-ed形式[例1]…theproverb,“pluckingupacrop32(help)itgrow”,isbasedonthefollowingstory.(2008年廣東)實例剖析tohelp[例2]Asmallplanecrashedintoahillsidefivemileseastofthecity,________(kill)allfourpeopleonboard.(09上海)killingExercisesShewishedthathewasaseasy(
7、32)________(please)ashermother,whowasalwaysdelightedwithperfume.(2009年廣東)2.Ibelievethat’sthebestwaytopreventsuchathingfrom_________(happen)again.(全國)topleasehappening3.Withalotofdifficultproblems________(settle),thenewly-electedpresidentishavingahardtime.(上海)4._____________(w
8、alk)isagoodformofexerciseforbothyoungandold.(全國)tosettleWalking若所給動詞