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1、動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)和語(yǔ)態(tài)現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)狀語(yǔ)從句的動(dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài)考查比例較大的幾點(diǎn)練習(xí)表示動(dòng)作已經(jīng)完成,強(qiáng)調(diào)過(guò)去發(fā)生的某一動(dòng)作對(duì)現(xiàn)在造成的影響和結(jié)果。一般過(guò)去時(shí)僅僅說(shuō)明動(dòng)作在過(guò)去,不強(qiáng)調(diào)對(duì)現(xiàn)在的影響。常與一些時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)連用:如:already;yet;bythistime;just;ever;never;now;before;lately等。現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)例一:---Where__you__thekey?I___ityet.A.did,put;didn’tfindB.did,put;haven’tfoundC.have,put;haven’tfoundD.have,put;didn’tfindB例
2、二:---Oh,it’syou!I____you.---I’vejusthadmyhaircutandI’mwearingnewglasses.didn’trecognizeB.hadn’trecognizedC.haven’trecognizedD.don’trecognizeA2.Itisthefirst/second…timethat從句。的從句中一般用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)。另外:“Itis/hasbeen+一段時(shí)間+since從句…”中,從句動(dòng)詞通常用過(guò)去時(shí),主句用完成時(shí)。現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)例三:---Doyouknowourtownatall?---No,thisisthefirsttim
3、eI___here.wasB.havebeenC.cameD.havegoneB3.有些瞬間性動(dòng)詞不能和表示一段時(shí)間的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)連用。要連用時(shí)須用狀態(tài)動(dòng)詞。成對(duì)的詞有:Become/be;die/bedead;leave/beaway;jointhearmy/servethearmy…現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)例四:She___Robertforayear.A.marriedB.marriedwithC.hasbeenmarryingD.hasbeenmarriedtoDMarry是瞬間性動(dòng)作,不能和for+時(shí)間段的狀語(yǔ)連用。要表示狀態(tài)的用hasbeenmarriedtosb.“和某人結(jié)婚”是mar
4、rytosb.過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)1.過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)表示過(guò)去某一時(shí)刻正在進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作。這一特定的時(shí)間可用時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)連用。如:atthattime;at8o’clock;when…也可用上下暗示。例五:IfirstmetLisathreeyearsago.She___ataradioshopatthetime.hasworkedB.wasworkingC.hadbeenworkingD.hadworkedB例六:Shirley___abookaboutChinalastyear,butIdon’tknowwhethershehasfinishedit.A.haswrittenB.wroteC.hadw
5、rittenD.waswritingD例七:----Hey,lookwhereyouaregoing!----Oh,I’mterriblysorry,______.I’mnotnoticingB.Iwasn’tnoticingC.Ihaven’tnoticedD.Idon’tnoticeB2.過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)常用于由when、while、as引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句中,表示背景,引出由一般過(guò)去時(shí)表示的新動(dòng)作?;颍哼^(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)(表示背景)+when+一般過(guò)去時(shí)(新發(fā)生的動(dòng)作)。此時(shí)when相當(dāng)于atthattime;justthen.例八:ThereportersaidthattheUFO___e
6、asttowestwhenhesawit.wastravellingB.travelledC.hadbeentravellingD.wastotravelA時(shí)間、條件、程度狀語(yǔ)從句中動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)在if、unless等詞引導(dǎo)的條件狀語(yǔ)從句,whentill/until、assoonas、thetime等詞引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句,以及themore…themore結(jié)構(gòu)引導(dǎo)的程度狀語(yǔ)從句中,當(dāng)主句中的動(dòng)詞用一般將來(lái)時(shí),從句中的動(dòng)詞通常用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)表示將來(lái)時(shí)間。例九:Ineedonemorestampbeforemycollection_____.hascompletedB.completesC
7、.hasbeencompletedD.iscompletedD例十:Ifit___tomorrow,thesportsmeetwillnotbeheld.A.rainsB.willrainC.goestorainD.shallrainA總結(jié)性練習(xí)1.WhenIwasatcollegeI___threeforeignlanguages,butI_allexceptafewwordsofeach.A.spoke;hadforgottenB.spoke;haveforgot