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1、名師新托福閱讀列舉題全解析Teacher'snewTOEFLReadinglistfullanalysisProf.LiChuanwei,vicepresidentofBeijingnewchannelschoolI.theformofproblemThelistofquestions,alsocalledexclusionlists,iscalled〃ETSfactualquestioninformation"(negative)?Thebasicformisasfollows:Accordingt
2、othepassage,whichofthefollowingisNOTtrueofX?Theauthor'sdescriptionofXmentionsallofthefollowingEXCEPTTwo,problem-solvingskillsThebasicideaofenumeratingproblemsistoexclude,excludetheoptionsthatconformtotheoriginaltext,theoptionsinconsistentwiththeoriginal
3、textortheoptionsthatarenotmentionedintheoriginaltextarethecorrectanswers?Noticethenegativewords"Not"and"EXCEPT"inthequestions?1.stepstosolvetheproblemofenumeration1)lookingforwordstofindkeywordsTherearekeywordsintheproblem,whichcanbepositionedaccordingt
4、oit,andthencomparethefouroptionswiththelocation.Iftherearenokeywords,youcanfirstlocatetheparagraphafterthelastparagraphoftheproblem?1)readfouroptionsTherearenocluesintheproblem,youcanreadthefouroptions,summarizethecommonpointofpositioning,oraccordingtot
5、hekeywordsineachoptionpositioning.2)excludeoptionsconsistentwiththeoriginaltextAftercomparingthevariousoptionswiththeoriginal,excludingtheoptionswhichconformtotheoriginalmeaning,theremainingoneisinconsistentwiththeoriginaltext,ornotmentionedintheorigina
6、ltext,whichisthecorrectanswer?Forexample,Theoppositeofanopportunistisacompetitor?Theseorganismstendtohavebigbodies,arelong-lived,andspendrelativelylittleefforteachyearonreproduction.Anoaktreeisagoodexampleofacompetitor?Amassiveoakclaimsitsgroundfor200ye
7、arsormore,outcompetingallotherwould-becanopytreesbycastingadenseshadeanddrawingupanyfreewaterintheso訂.Theleavesofanoaktreetastefoulbecausetheyarerichintannins,achemicalthatrendersthemdistastefulorindigestibletomanyorganisms?Thetanninsarepartofthedefense
8、mechanismthatisessentialtolongevity?Althoughoaksproducethousandsofacorns,theinvestmentinacropofacornsissmallcomparedwiththeenergyspentonbuildingleaves,trunK,androots?Onceanoaktreebecomesestablished,itislikelytosurviveminorcycleso
