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1、BOT項(xiàng)目投資特許權(quán)期決策博弈探究摘要:特許權(quán)期的相關(guān)規(guī)定和特許權(quán)期的長度是BOT項(xiàng)目特許權(quán)協(xié)議中投資者最為關(guān)心的問題。特許權(quán)期的長度直接決定了政府和項(xiàng)目投資者之間的利益分配。從風(fēng)險(xiǎn)管理的角度,定性地分析BOT項(xiàng)目合理地選擇特許權(quán)期問題,探討B(tài)OT項(xiàng)目的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)管理、分配和項(xiàng)目特許權(quán)期規(guī)定之間的內(nèi)在關(guān)系。根據(jù)博弈論的理論和方法,定量分析BOT項(xiàng)目特許權(quán)期長度最優(yōu)決策的問題,在不完全信息狀態(tài)下建立了政府與項(xiàng)目投資者之間的動(dòng)態(tài)博弈模型,通過凈現(xiàn)金流與時(shí)間的內(nèi)在關(guān)系,運(yùn)用貝葉斯法則推導(dǎo)出特許權(quán)寬限期的長度,并最終得到特許權(quán)
2、期長度的最優(yōu)決策。關(guān)鍵詞:BOT項(xiàng)目;特許權(quán)期;風(fēng)險(xiǎn)管理;博弈論Abstract:TherelevantregulationsandthelengthoftheconcessionperiodarethekeyproblemswhatinvestorsconcerninBOTprojectconcessionagreement.Thelengthoftheconcessionperioddirectlydeterminesthedistributionofinterestsbetweenthegovernment
3、andprojectinvestors.Fromtheperspectiveofriskmanagement,qualitativelyanalysismakingareasonablechoiceofBOTprojectconcessionperiod,discussedtheinternalrelationsbetweenBOTprojectriskmanagement,distributionandprojecttheconcessionperiodprovisions?Accordingtothegame
4、theoryandmethod,quantitativelyanalysistheoptimaldecisionofBOTprojectconcessionperiodlength.Setupadynamicgamemodelbetweengovernmentandprojectinvestorsunderthestateofincompleteinformation.Onthebasisoftheinnerrelationshipbetweenthenetcashflowandthetime,deducedth
5、elengthoftheconcessiongraceperiodbyapplyingBayesLaw,thenfinallyobtainedtheoptimaldecisionoftheconcessionperiodlength.Keywords:BOTProject;ConcessionPeriod;RiskManagement;GameTheory中圖分類號:F830.59文獻(xiàn)標(biāo)識碼:A文章編號:2095-2104(2013)1引言BOT(Build-Operate-Transfer)項(xiàng)目是指政府部門通過
6、特許權(quán)協(xié)議,將基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施特許權(quán)在一定時(shí)期內(nèi)轉(zhuǎn)讓給私營集團(tuán),由私營集團(tuán)組建項(xiàng)目公司負(fù)責(zé)項(xiàng)目的投融資、建設(shè)、運(yùn)營和維護(hù),在特許權(quán)期滿后,再將項(xiàng)目無償移交給政府[[l]MinCLContractdesignofprivateinfrastruetureconcessions[D]?Berkeley:UniversityofCalifornia,2000.][[2]MillsG.Welfareandprofitdivergenceforatolledlinkinaroadnetwork[J]?JournalofTransp
7、ortEconomicsandPolicy,1995,(29):137-146.][[3]KumarsawainyMM,ZhangXQ.GovernmentalroleinBOT-ledinfrastructuredevelopment[J]?InternationalJournalofProjectManagement,2001,(19):195-205.]o近年來,BOT模式已越來越多地應(yīng)用于基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施建設(shè)中,解決了政府財(cái)政資金緊張的問題,也可以在項(xiàng)目中利用私營集團(tuán)的先進(jìn)技術(shù)和科學(xué)管理,提高項(xiàng)目效益。而B0T項(xiàng)
8、目的核心就是特許權(quán)協(xié)議(ConcessionAgreement),其中關(guān)于特許權(quán)期的約定由兩部分組成:對特許權(quán)期的規(guī)定和對特許權(quán)期長度的設(shè)定[[4]高立峰,張國杰,杜燕.利用動(dòng)態(tài)博弈中的''分蛋糕”模型確定:BOT項(xiàng)目中特許權(quán)期[J].商業(yè)研究,2006,(2):24-26.]。本文從這兩方面對B0T項(xiàng)目的特許權(quán)期問題進(jìn)行分析。2BOT項(xiàng)目特許權(quán)期規(guī)定的選擇根據(jù)B0T項(xiàng)目