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1、THEAUTOBIOGRAPHYOFBENJAMINFRANKLININTRODUCTORYNOTEBENJAMINFRANKLINwasborninMilkStreet,Boston,onJanuary6,1706.Hisfather,JosiahFranklin,wasatallowchandlerwhomarriedtwice,andofhisseventeenchildrenBenjaminwastheyoungestson.Hisschoolingendedatten,andattwelvehewasboundapp
2、renticetohisbrotherJames,aprinter,whopublishedthe"NewEnglandCourant."Tothisjournalhebecameacontributor,andlaterwasforatimeitsnominaleditor.Butthebrothersquarreled,andBenjaminranaway,goingfirsttoNewYork,andthencetoPhiladelphia,wherehearrivedinOctober,1723.Hesoonobtai
3、nedworkasaprinter,butafterafewmonthshewasinducedbyGovernorKeithtogotoLondon,where,findingKeith'spromisesempty,heagainworkedasacompositortillhewasbroughtbacktoPhiladelphiabyamerchantnamedDenman,whogavehimapositioninhisbusiness.OnDenman'sdeathhereturnedtohisformertrad
4、e,andshortlysetupaprintinghouseofhisownfromwhichhepublished"ThePennsylvaniaGazette,"towhichhecontributedmanyessays,andwhichhemadeamediumforagitatingavarietyoflocalreforms.In1732hebegantoissuehisfamous"PoorRichard'sAlmanac"fortheenrichmentofwhichheborrowedorcomposedt
5、hosepithyutterancesofworldlywisdomwhicharethebasisofalargepartofhispopularreputation.In1758,theyearinwhichheceaseswritingfortheAlmanac,heprintedinit"FatherAbraham'sSermon,"nowregardedasthemostfamouspieceofliteratureproducedinColonialAmerica.MeantimeFranklinwasconcer
6、ninghimselfmoreandmorewithpublicaffairs.HesetforthaschemeforanAcademy,whichwastakenuplaterandfinallydevelopedintotheUniversityofPennsylvania;andhefoundedan"AmericanPhilosophicalSociety"forthepurposeofenablingscientificmentocommunicatetheirdiscoveriestooneanother.Heh
7、imselfhadalreadybegunhiselectricalresearches,which,withotherscientificinquiries,hecalledonintheintervalsofmoney-makingandpoliticstotheendofhislife.In1748hesoldhisbusinessinordertogetleisureforstudy,havingnowacquiredcomparativewealth;andinafewyearshehadmadediscoverie
8、sthatgavehimareputationwiththelearnedthroughoutEurope.Inpoliticsheprovedveryablebothasanadministratorandasacontroversialist;buthisrecordas
