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1、北京工業(yè)大學(xué)碩士學(xué)位論文城市建筑物震害預(yù)測方法研究姓名:姜開興申請(qǐng)學(xué)位級(jí)別:碩士專業(yè):防災(zāi)減災(zāi)工程及防護(hù)工程指導(dǎo)教師:周錫元20080501摘要皇曼量暑皇曼鼉量量量量鼉曼IIII曼曼曼曼曼皇鼉曼曼曼曼量摘要.城市建筑物震害預(yù)測日益受到地震工程界的重視,對(duì)有關(guān)理論方法和技術(shù)進(jìn)行研究具有十分重要的理論和現(xiàn)實(shí)意義。針對(duì)目前傳統(tǒng)震害預(yù)測方法所需收集的城市建筑物資料過多、過細(xì)、耗費(fèi)巨大的人力財(cái)力物力的現(xiàn)狀,本文對(duì)建筑物震害預(yù)測方法做了進(jìn)一步研究,主要做了以下方面的工作:1、建立了建筑物的震害矩陣,考慮了建筑物的建設(shè)年代、結(jié)構(gòu)類型和場地條件,給出了城市建筑物震害預(yù)測的簡化方法,
2、并給出了算例;2、利用近年來做過城市抗震防災(zāi)規(guī)劃的城市建筑物震害預(yù)測結(jié)果,研究了城市建筑物震害指數(shù)與經(jīng)濟(jì)損失、人員傷亡和無家可歸人數(shù)的對(duì)應(yīng)關(guān)系,統(tǒng)計(jì)回歸出了相應(yīng)得計(jì)算公式,并給出了算例;3、將前述方法應(yīng)用于某城市建筑物震害預(yù)測中,給出了城市各社區(qū)建筑物的震害指數(shù)、及各街道辦的建筑物直接經(jīng)濟(jì)損失、人員傷亡和無家可歸人數(shù),并與傳統(tǒng)方法預(yù)測結(jié)果作了比較,結(jié)果表明該方法是可行的、合理的。關(guān)鍵詞:震害預(yù)測震害指數(shù)地震損失ABSTRACTThestudiesondisasterpredictionandretrofitforurbanbuildingshavebeenattra
3、ctedgreata:ttenfiongandbeingasthebasesofurbanplanningforearthquakeresistanceanddisasterprevention,obviousdevelopmentareattained.Inordertomaketheresultsofdisasterpredictionmorerational,urbanplanningofearthquakeresistanceanddisasterpreventionmoreeffective,theresearchesontheoryandmethodsf
4、ordisasterpredictionandcorrelativeothertopicsareverymeaningful.Underthesebackgrounds,thefollowingaspectsaboutseismicdisasterpredictionofurbanbuildingsaremainlystudied:1,Thecomprehensiveseismicdamageindexisproposed,inwhichtheinfluenceofseveralfactors,suchasdesignstandard,constructiontim
5、e,structuretypeandsitecategoryareconsidered.Baseontheproposedseismicdamagematrix,thesimplifieddamagepredictionmethodforurbanbuildingsaregivenandtheexamplesillustrated.2,111estatisticalrelationshipsamongseismicdamageindexandeconomiclosses,seismiccasualty,homelesspeoplearestudied.碭edatas
6、inthisstudyaregainedfromthecitieswherethepredictionofearthquakedisastershavebeendone.Theserelationshipsareusedtoestablishformulaforestimateseismiccasualtyandeconomiclossesandpracticalsomeapplicationarediscussed.3,TheproposedmethodsareusedtotheSeismicdisastermitigationplanningofacertain
7、city.Seismicdamageindexofthebuildingstructuresandcommunityareevaluated,andtheeconomiclOSSCS,seismiccasualtiesandhomelesspeoplecausedbyearthquakeinfuturearecalculated.nleComparationandanalysisbetweentheseresultsandthatfromtraditionalmethodsindicatethefeasibilityandrationalityofthemeth