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1、中南大學(xué)碩士學(xué)位論文摘要隨著我國電子工業(yè)的迅速發(fā)展,印刷電路板(PCB)N其相關(guān)產(chǎn)業(yè)增長迅速。PCB蝕刻過程產(chǎn)生的大量蝕刻廢液中銅和氨含量高,直接排放將會造成環(huán)境污染和資源浪費。研究從PCB蝕刻廢液中回收銅,對保護環(huán)境和緩解銅資源供應(yīng)緊張的狀況具有重要意義。本文擬以異辛酸為原料,通過酯化和克萊生縮合反應(yīng)合成了B.二酮,以p二酮為萃取劑,研究從PCB堿性蝕刻廢液中萃取回收銅。以H2SO。為催化劑,異辛酸和甲醇經(jīng)過酯化合成異辛酸甲酯,研究了溫度、物料配比和反應(yīng)時間對產(chǎn)率的影響,在rl(#;瓤nt-*,=1:25,異辛酸=16mL,濃硫
2、酸=3mL,溫度為120℃,反應(yīng)時間為05h的反應(yīng)條件下,異辛酸甲酯產(chǎn)率為99%;以氫化鈉為催化劑,異辛酸甲酯和氫化鈉經(jīng)過克萊生縮合合成了13-二酮,在氫化鈉為5.0g;65mL苯乙酮:摩爾比聃;£目1:nf}醉“i=1:1.I;溫度為170℃,反應(yīng)時間為3h,13-二酮產(chǎn)率為68%。產(chǎn)物經(jīng)IR和GC。MS鑒定,確定目標(biāo)產(chǎn)物為異辛酸甲酯和B一二酮。以13-二酮為萃取劑,磺化煤油為稀釋劑,從PCB堿性蝕刻液中萃取回收銅,研究了時間、pH值、相比,溫度、萃取劑濃度和單級與多級萃取工藝對銅的摹取和反萃的影響。在p一二酮體積濃度為60%,
3、O/A=2:1,T=30℃,單級萃取率最大達(dá)54.8%,其飽和銅萃取量為6403扎,萃取熱效應(yīng)為△H=895kJ/tool,采用四級錯流萃取和三級逆流萃取對銅的率分別為達(dá)95%和76%,多級萃取能顯著提高銅的萃取率;通過對萃取液的反萃研究表明,在C(H2$041=3mol/L,O/A=1:1,T=600C的條件下,銅的反萃率為99%:經(jīng)過萃取回收銅以后的蝕刻液可返回蝕刻工序循環(huán)使用。關(guān)鍵詞克萊生縮合,廢蝕刻液,溶劑萃取,銅萃取率中南大學(xué)碩士學(xué)位論文ABSTRACTWiththerapiddevelopmentofChina’sel
4、ectronicsindustry,theprintedcircuitboard(PCB)anditsrelatedindustrieshavegrownrapidlyinrecentyears.However,theprocessofalkalineetchingofPCBgeneratedlargeamountsofcopperandammoniawaste,whichwillcausegreatenvironmentalpollutionandeconomiclOSSCSdischargeddirectlywithoutan
5、ytreatmentThecopperpresentintheeffluentsmustberecoveredonaccountofeconomicalandenvironmentalreasonsThus,theaimofthisworkistheextractionofcopperfromalkalineetchingliquidofPCBbyusingoff3-diketonesynthesizedwithiso—octylacidIsooctylmethylissynthesizedbyusingofiso—octylac
6、idandmethnolcatalyzedbyH2S04.Theeffectofmaterialratio,time,amountofcatalystandtemperatureontheyieldofisooctylmethylisstudiedTheoptimalconditionisasfollow:molarratioofethylhexanoateandmethanolis1:25,andwithiso—octyIacid=16mL,H2S04=3mLthereactiontime扭0.5hourandthetemper
7、atureis120℃Theyieldofisooctylmethylis99%13-diketoneissynthesizedbyusingofisooctylmethylandacetophenone.Thereactionconditionis:themolarratioofacetophenoneandmethyloctanoateis1:11,thetemperatureis170'C,thereactiontimeis3hours,theyieldof0一diketoneis68%Thetargetproductsar
8、eidentifiedasiso—octylacidmethylestersandB-diketones,whicharequanlitativelyanalyzedbyinfraredspectroscopy(IR)andmassspectrom