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1、ATRP法在碳納米管表面接枝聚合物及對(duì)聚甲醛的改性研究摘要自碳納米管出現(xiàn)以來(lái),就以其獨(dú)特而又優(yōu)異的力學(xué)性能、電性能及儲(chǔ)氫性能等特點(diǎn)深深地吸引著科學(xué)家們的研究與開(kāi)發(fā),人們發(fā)現(xiàn)盡管碳納米管的性能優(yōu)越,但是由于其表面的特殊結(jié)構(gòu)和內(nèi)部的強(qiáng)范德華力,致使其幾乎不溶于任何溶劑,這就限制了它的應(yīng)用,所以研究如何在碳納米管的表面進(jìn)行有機(jī)化修飾,使其能夠很好的和其他材料相容,成為了碳納米管的研究熱點(diǎn)之一。本文通過(guò)原子轉(zhuǎn)移自由基聚合法(ATRP)在碳納米管表面接枝聚苯乙烯和聚甲基丙烯酸甲酯,.利用紅外光譜、透射電鏡、熱失重分析
2、、X一射線衍射儀和溶解度測(cè)試驗(yàn)證了聚合物己成功地接枝到碳納米管表面。然后,我們將接枝上聚甲基丙烯酸甲酯的碳納米管對(duì)聚甲醛進(jìn)行改性,與其熔融共混制成復(fù)合材料,并對(duì)復(fù)合材料的力學(xué)性能、電學(xué)性能、結(jié)晶形態(tài)和結(jié)晶動(dòng)力學(xué)進(jìn)行了研究,結(jié)果表面碳納米管的加入對(duì)復(fù)合材料的各性能有著不同程度的提高。可以利用FT-IR對(duì)碳納米管的分析接枝效果,利用TEM可以直觀的觀察到包覆聚合物前后碳納米管的形態(tài)變化,利用TGA對(duì)碳納米管表面聚合物包覆的含量進(jìn)行計(jì)算,利用DSC及XRD對(duì)聚合物的熔融情況以及結(jié)晶性能進(jìn)行分析,而利用SEM則可以
3、直觀的觀察到復(fù)合材料的斷面情況。關(guān)鍵詞:ATRP碳納米管聚甲醛復(fù)合材料改性ⅣGraftedPolymerontoMWNTbyATRPandmodifiedPOMABSTRACTFromtheappearmentofCarbonNanotubes,manyscientistshavebeendeeplyattractedtoresearchandexploititbyitsparticularandexcellentcharacteristicofmechanics,electricityandstoring
4、upthehydrogenperformanceandSOon.Thoughpeoplefindithavetheexcellentcharacteristic,becauseofit’SspecialexternalconfigurationandstrongintertubevanderWaalsattraction,theyarepracticallyinsolubleinallsolventsand,consequently,itsapplicationsarelimited.Sohowtoorga
5、nisethesurfaceofcarbonnanotubesandmakeitcompatiblewithothermaterialshavebecomeoneofthehotspotproblemofcarbonnanotubesresearch.Inthisarticle,PSandPMMAweresuccessfullygraftedontothesurfaceofcarbonnanotubesbyATRPactivepolymerization,andwevalidatethatpolymerwa
6、ssuccessfullygraftedontothesurfaceofcarbonnanotubesbyFT—IR,TEM,TGA,XRDandsolubilitytest.Then,MWNT-PMMA/POMcompositeswerepreparedbyaddingMWNT—PMMAintoPOMmatricestomodifyPOMandusingmeltprocessing,themechanicalperformance,electricityperformance,crystallizatio
7、nmorphologyandcrystallizationkineticsofcompositeswerestudied.TheresultsshowedthatallperformanceofcompositesmentionedaboveincreasedmoreorlesswiththeaddingofMWNT.FT—IRwasusedtoanalyzetheefficiencyofgraftingpolymer,TEMimagesofthesamplesprovideddirectevidencef
8、orthechangingofnanostructure,thequantitiesofthegraftedpolymerwereexaminedbyTGA,DSCandXRDwereusedtomeasurethemeltingperformanceandstudycrystallizationkinetics,andSEMimagescouldreflectthesituationoftheinterface