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1、河北工業(yè)大學碩士學位論文聚羧酸系高效減水劑的合成與性能摘要與傳統(tǒng)減水劑相比,聚羧酸系高效減水劑因其減水率高、坍落度損失小和安全環(huán)保等優(yōu)點,日益受到學術界、產業(yè)界廣泛的關注。本文在合成甲氧基聚乙二醇甲基丙烯酸酯(MPEGMA)大單體的基礎上,重點研究了AA/MAA/AMPS/MPEGMA/EA/DEM共聚物的合成及其對水泥漿體的分散性能。以甲氧基聚乙二醇(MPEG)和甲基丙烯酸甲酯(MMA)為主要原料,通過酯交換法合成了MPEGMA,用FTIR表征了它的結構,并研究了催化劑、阻聚劑、反應時間和反應溫度等因素對酯化率的影響。結果表明,MPEG/催化劑的摩爾比為4、阻
2、聚劑用量為0.27wt%、87℃反應6h,酯化率可達98.8%.采用水溶液調節(jié)共聚合方法,以AA、MAA、AMPS、MPEGMA、EA和DEM等為原料合成了聚羧酸系高效減水劑,并用FTIR光譜表征了它的結構。詳細研究了引發(fā)劑、磺酸鹽、丙烯酸和馬來酸二乙酯等因素對凈漿流動度的影響。結果表明,AA、MAA、AMPS、MPEGMA、EA和DEM的摩爾比4.16:2.08:1:1.88:0.66:0.82,APS的用量為6.4wt%、巰基丙酸用量為0.22wt%時,所得共聚物的分散效果較佳。在折固摻量為0.3%、水灰比為0.29時,水泥凈漿流動度可達275mm,120m
3、in內基本不變。馬來酸二乙酯的加入,提高了流動度經時保持性。初步探討了聚羧酸系高效減水劑的分散機理。萘系減水劑作用機理主要是依靠Zeta電位的靜電斥力;而聚羧酸系減水劑是依靠靜電斥力和空間位阻等實現(xiàn),并且以空間位阻為主。關鍵詞:聚羧酸系高效減水劑,酯交換,甲氧基聚氧乙二醇甲基丙烯酸酯,共聚合,凈漿流動度,大單體i聚羧酸系高效減水劑的合成與性能SYNTHESISANDPERFORMANCEOFPOLYCARBOXYLICSUPERPLASTICIZERSABSTRACTComparetothetraditionalwaterreducer,polycarboxyl
4、icsuperplasticizerswereattractedmuchattentionbecauseoftheirsmalldosage,excellentabilityofwaterreducing,andpreventingtheslumplossofconcrete.Onthebasisofmoleculardesign,methoxypoly(ethyleneglycol)methacrylate(MPEGMA)macromer,andthecopolymerofAA/MAA/AMPS/MPEGMA/EA/DEMhavebeensynthesized
5、inthispaper.Theirdispersingperformanceandthemechanismwereinvestigatedindetails.TheMPEGMAwaspreparedthroughtransesterificationwithmethylmethacrylate(MMA)andMPEG,andthestructureofMPEGMAwascharacterizedbymeanofFTIR.Theinfluencesofcatalyst,inhibitor,reactiontemperatureandreactiontimeonth
6、etransesterificationyieldwerediscussedindetails.Attheinhibitordosageof0.27wt%andtheMPEG/catalystmoleratioof4,conductedfor6hat87℃,theyieldofMPEGMAwas98.8%.Thehigh-performancewaterreducingagentwaspreparedthroughsolutioncopolymerizationwithacrylicacid(AA),α-methylacrylicacid(MAA),2-acry
7、lamido-2-methylpropanesulfonic(AMPS),diethylmaleate(DEM)andMPEGMA,anditsstructurewascharacterizedbymeanofFTIR.Theinfluencesofinitiator,sulphnate,acrylicacidanddiethylmaleateondispersingperformancewerediscussedindetails.Itindicatedthatdiethylmaleatehelptoreducetheslumploss.Theresultss
8、howthattheco