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1、摘要本文以反相懸浮聚合法,以過硫酸鉀(IoS)為引發(fā)劑,ⅣⅣ’.亞甲基雙丙烯酰胺為交聯(lián)劑,聚甘油單硬脂酸酯為分散劑,環(huán)己烷為連續(xù)相,合成了聚丙烯酸系高吸水樹脂,研究了反相懸浮工藝如溫度、單體濃度、中和度、引發(fā)劑、交聯(lián)劑等對高吸水樹脂性能的影響,確定了樹脂合成的最佳工藝條件,并探討了反相懸浮的穩(wěn)定因素。。通過以乙二醇雙丙烯酸酯對樹脂顆粒進行表面交聯(lián)的方法,在樹脂的內(nèi)外層形成了不同交聯(lián)密度的核殼結構,提高了樹脂的吸水速度和凝膠強度,得到綜合性能良好的樹脂。采用氯磺酸對聚乙烯醇進行硫酸化,制得了聚乙烯醇硫酸鈉(SPS),SPS與丙烯酸鈉聚合
2、物網(wǎng)絡結構纏結,形成半互穿網(wǎng)絡結構的吸水樹脂。SPS的引入提高了聚合網(wǎng)絡的離子化程度,提高了樹脂的吸水倍率和吸鹽水倍率。并研究了SPS的用量對樹脂性能的影響,SPS用量為3.5%時樹脂的吸水性能最佳。選擇合適的無機鹽與樹脂進行復合形成有機無機復合氣相吸濕劑,提高了樹脂的吸濕容量和吸濕速度,確定了醋酸鉀的含量為30%時所制成復合型吸濕材料的吸濕性能最佳。采用紅外光譜(瓜)、掃描電鏡(SEM)、熱失重法(TGA)等方法對產(chǎn)物的內(nèi)部結構、表面結構、微球形態(tài)、熱性能進行了表征。關鍵詞:反相懸浮聚合,互穿網(wǎng)絡結構,核殼結構,吸濕性ABSTRAC
3、TThepolyacrylicacidsuperabsorbentwaspreparedbyinversesuspensionpolymerization,inwhichpotassiumpersulfate(KPS)wasusedasinitiatorandⅣN'-meth)rlenebis—acylamide(MBA)ascross-linkingagent.Theamphiphiliccopolymeroftripolyglycerolmonostearatewasusedasdispersant,andcyclohaxanew
4、asusedastheorganicphase.Thefactorsinfluencingthewaterabsorptioncapacitiesofthesuperabsorbentsuchastemperature,neutralizationdegree,theamountofinitiatorandcrosslinkingagentwerecharacterized.Thefactorswhichaffectthestabilityofthepolymerizationwerealsoinvestigated.Ethylene
5、glycoldiacrylatewasusedforsubsequentlysurface—crosslinkertOproducegradientcrosslinknetwork.TheabsorptionrateandstrengthofthesuperabsorbentwereenhancedtOobtainthehighperformanceoftheresin.SodiumPolyvinylalcoholsulfate(SPS)waspreparedthroughsulfatingofpolyvinylalcohol,AA-
6、basedsuperabsorbentinterpenetratedwithSPS(PSA—IP—SPS)inwhichSPSwasembeddedinthepolymericnetworkthroughentanglementwithpolyacrylatechains.PSA-IP-SPSshowesbetterpropertiessuchashigherwaterandsalineabsorbencythanPSA,whichisrelatedtOthestrongerdegreeofionizationofthepolymer
7、icnetwork.WhentheamountofSPSwhichusedinthenetworkwas3.5%.theresinshowsthebestabsorbency.ThecomplexdehumidizerwassynthesizedbyaddinginorganicsaltintotheorganicdehumidizertOenhancethemoisturecontentandabsorptionspeed.WhentheamountofthePotassiumacetateis30%,thecomplexagent
8、showsthebestmoistureabsorptioncapacity.Thesurfacestructures,morphologyofsuperabsorbentandheatpropertieswerecha