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1、ReviewsK.C.Nicolaouetal.DOI:10.1002/anie.200601872NaturalProductSynthesisCascadeReactionsinTotalSynthesisK.C.Nicolaou,*DavidJ.Edmonds,andPaulG.BulgerKeywords:cascadereactions·dominoreactions·naturalproducts·tandemreactions·totalsynthesisAngewandteChemie7134www.angewandte
2、.org2006Wiley-VCHVerlagGmbH&Co.KGaA,WeinheimAngew.Chem.Int.Ed.2006,45,7134–7186AngewandteCascadeReactionsChemieThedesignandimplementationofcascadereactionsisachallengingFromtheContentsfacetoforganicchemistry,yetonethatcanimpartstrikingnovelty,1.Introduction7135elegance,
3、andefficiencytosyntheticstrategies.Theapplicationofcascadereactionstonaturalproductssynthesisrepresentsapartic-2.NucleophilicCascades7137ularlydemandingtask,buttheresultscanbebothstunningandinstructive.ThisReviewhighlightsselectedexamplesofcascade3.ElectrophilicCascades7
4、144reactionsintotalsynthesis,withparticularemphasisonrecent4.RadicalCascades7150applicationstherein.Theexamplesdiscussedhereinillustratethepoweroftheseprocessesintheconstructionofcomplexmolecules5.PericyclicCascades7155andunderscoretheirfuturepotentialinchemicalsynthesis
5、.6.Transition-Metal-CatalyzedCascades71671.Introduction7.SummaryandOutlook7174Cascadereactionsconstituteafascinatingbranchoforganicchemistry,andonewhichhasbeenthesubjectof[4]intenseresearchinrecentyears,aswitnessedbythenumberseminalworkinthisfield.Subsequentclassicexampl
6、esofreviewsthathaveappearedcoveringvariousaspectsofincludethecationicpolyolefincyclizationapproachto[1]theseprocesses.Theundeniablebenefitsofcascadereac-progesterone(11,Scheme2)developedbyJohnsonandco-tionsarewellestablished,havingbeenrecountedonnumer-[2]ousoccasions,and
7、includeatomeconomy,aswellaseconomiesoftime,labor,resourcemanagement,andwastegeneration.Assuch,cascadereactionscanbeconsideredto[3]fallunderthebannerof“greenchemistry”,asthesavingsinvolvedwhenonecarriesoutseveraltransformationsinonesyntheticoperationcanbeconsiderable.Fore
8、xample,onlyasinglereactionsolvent,workupprocedure,andpurificationstepmayberequiredtoprovideaproductthat
