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1、OSPREYElitePUBLISHINGUSWorldWarIIAmphibiousTacticsMediterranean&EuropeanTheatersGordonLRottman?IllustratedbyPeterDennis?OspreyPublishing¥www.ospreypublishing.comElite?144USWorldWarIIAmphibiousTacticsMediterranean&EuropeanTheatersGordonLRottman?IllustratedbyPeterDennisConsultanteditorMartinWin
2、drow?OspreyPublishing¥www.ospreypublishing.comUSWORLDWARIIAMPHIBIOUSTACTICSINTRODUCTIONAfteralltheplanning,gatheringofintelligence,deceptions,assemblyhileover40amphibiousassaultsofregimentalorlargersizeofmenandmateriel,theorizingwereconductedinthePacificTheater,theEuropeanandandrehearsals,thi
3、swastheonlyWplacewherethequestionscouldMediterraneanTheatersofOperation(EMTO)sawfarfewer.finallybeanswered.LandingThePacificwarwasessentiallyanavalcampaignsupportedbythebeachesmightbecompletelyfreeMarineCorps,Army,andtheland-andcarrier-basedairarmsofallthreefromobstacles,butanamphibiousservic
4、es.TheEMTOwasatwo-continentlandcampaignsupportedbylandingforcehadtobepreparedthecombinednavalforcesoftheUnitedStatesandtheBritishtoovercomeextensivemanmadedefenses,asseeninthislow-levelCommonwealth.airreconnaissancephotoofaMostofthelandingsweremulti-division,evenmulti-corpsinsize.Normandybeac
5、hatlowtide.RatherthanlandingtheforcesnecessarytosecurecomparativelysmallConstructionworkerscanbeislands,EMTOlandingshadtheaimofestablishinglargeinvasionseenscatteringinfearamongforcesashoretoseizelodgmentsandseaportsfromwhichtotheantiboatramps,stakes,tetrahedronsand“hedgehogs”–commencelandcam
6、paignstoliberatewholecontinents,supportedseealsoPlateD.bymassiveland-basedairforces.MostofthelandingsoccurredintheMediterraneanSea,onthecoastsofNorthAfrica,Sicily,ItalyandSouthernFrance.“TheMed”extendssome2,400mileseasttowest,coveringthreetimezones,withamaximumnorth–southwidthof1,000miles.Int
7、he1940sitwasborderedbySpain,France,Italy,Yugoslavia,Albania,Greece,Turkey,Syria,Palestine,Egypt,Libya,Tunisia,Algeria,andFrenchandSpanishMorocco–atotalof28,600milesofvariedcoastline.Passagesatbothends–theStraitofGibraltarconnectingwiththeAtla