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1、OXFORDREVIEWOFECONOMICPOLICY,VOL.20,NO.1DOI:10.1093/oxrep/grh002WORLDINEQUALITYANDGLOBALIZATIONBOBSUTCLIFFEUniversityoftheBasqueCountry1Thearticleassessesrecentattemptstomeasurethelevelandchangesinworldinequality.Itcomparesresultsbasedoncountryaverages,population
2、-weightedinter-countryGinicoefficients,andcombinationsofinter-countryandintra-countrydistributionfigures.Mostmeasuresagreethatinequalitygrewupto1980;somesuggestthatitstabilizedordeclinedslightlyafterthatdate,butthatconclusionisnotdefini-tive.Thearticlearguesagain
3、strelianceonsingleindicatorstomeasureworldinequalityasopposedtolookingatvariousmeasures,includinginequalitybetweenregionsandtheratiosofincomesofthepoorandtherich.Accordingtoseveralofthesemeasures,inequalityhascontinuedtogrow.Theadditionofvariablesotherthanincome(
4、lifeexpectancyandeducation)appeartoreduceinequality,butthisislargelyanillusion.I.INTRODUCTIONthatthelevelofinequalityinincomeislessthanpreviouslybelievedandhas,since1980atleast,Thequestionofworldinequalityanditsrelation-beendeclining,aconclusionvigorouslyconteste
5、dbyshipwithglobalizationarehottopicsofdebateothers;finally,othershaveproposedbroadermeas-amongacademics,internationalorganizations,uresofwelfareanddevelopmentwhichsuggestthatnon-governmentalorganizations(NGOs),andpo-thedeclineininequalitymayhavebeencontinuingliti
6、calactivists.Ifthereisapatterntotheacademicforalongtime.Thisarticleaimstoexaminethesideofthedebateoverrecentdecadesitissome-reasonswhydifferentmethodsanddataproducethinglikethis:untilquiterecentlymostacademicdifferentconclusionsaboutinequality,toevaluatestudies(o
7、farelativelysmalltotalnumber)con-whichmethodsbetterapproximatethetruth,and,cludedthatworldinequalitywasandisgrowing;finally,toassessbrieflywhatitallhastodowiththensomemorerecentstudies,usingdifferentglobalization.Thedebatesaresignificantbecausemethodsandnewlyavai
8、labledata,begantosuggesttheyencompasspositionswhichimplyfundamen-1ManythankstoAndrewGlynandtwoanonymousrefereesforhelpfulcomments.OxfordReviewofEconomicPolicyv
