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1、心8‘9170疆⑧天洋大摹碩士學(xué)位論文I—■■■-一■港●j國(guó)■:■■●¨i學(xué)科專業(yè):應(yīng)用化學(xué)作者姓名:傅雪晶指導(dǎo)教師:馮亞青教授1:¨7>l~天湟女堂研奮牛院2005年1月中文摘要本文研究了3.哌啶酸乙酯的制各過程,以3一甲基吡啶為原料,經(jīng)高錳酸鉀氧化為煙酸,然后用乙醇進(jìn)行酯化生成煙酸乙酯,最后煙酸乙酯被氫化生成3.哌啶酸乙酯。對(duì)三步的合成條件,包括催化劑的用量、溶劑進(jìn)行了研究。重點(diǎn)研究酯化反應(yīng)的工藝條件,通過正交試驗(yàn)確定了酯化反應(yīng)的影響因素,催化劑用量對(duì)反應(yīng)的作用最為顯著。確定了反應(yīng)的最佳條件為:煙酸10g(0.08m01)、乙醇28mL(0.48t001)、濃硫酸6mL(o.1
2、lm01)、反應(yīng)溫度110℃、反應(yīng)時(shí)間9h。在最佳反應(yīng)條件下,煙酸乙酯最終收率達(dá)到89.26%,純度達(dá)到99.51%。研究了催化氫化反應(yīng)中的影響因素如:反應(yīng)溫度、反應(yīng)時(shí)間、催化劑用量和溶劑等。采用氣相色譜一質(zhì)譜聯(lián)用,程序升溫方法對(duì)反應(yīng)產(chǎn)物進(jìn)行了研究。以RaneyNi為催化劑的最佳反應(yīng)條件為:炻酸乙酯15mL(O.11t001)、溶劑150mL、Raney鎳3g、反應(yīng)溫度60℃、氫氣壓力2Mpa、反應(yīng)時(shí)間3h。反應(yīng)收率98.09%,產(chǎn)品純度97.74%。此工藝具有工業(yè)化應(yīng)用前景。關(guān)鍵詞:3.哌啶酸乙酯,催化氫化,正交試驗(yàn),氣相色譜.質(zhì)譜聯(lián)用ABSTRACTTheprocessofpre
3、paring3-piperidinecarboxylicacidethylester(ethylnipecotate)WaSstudiedinthispaper.Thestartingmaterial3-methylpyridineWaSoxidizedtonicotinicacidbypotassiumpermanganate.Thennicotinicacidwasesterifiedwithethanoltogiveethylnicotinate.EthylnicotinateWaShydrogenatedtoethylnipecotate.Syntheticcondition
4、softhreesteps,involvingtheamountofcatalystsandthesolvents,werestudied.Esterificationreactionconditionwasstudiedindetail.Theinfluencingfactorsofesterificationwereanalyzedbyorthogonaltest.TheamountofsulfuricacidWaSthemostimportantfactorintheprocess.TheoptimumconditionofesterificationWaSthefollowi
5、ng:nicotinicacid10g(0.08m01),ethylalcohol28mL(O.48t001),sulfuricacid6mL(O.11m01),temperature110℃,reactiontime9h.Underappropriatecondition,theyieldofethylnicotinatewas89.26%.Thepuritywas99.51%.Theinfluencingfactorsofhydrogenation,suchaStemperature,reactiontime,catalystamountandsolventwgrealsostu
6、died.Thesynthesizedproductsofthehydrogenatedethylnicotinatewereanalys6abycombinedmeansofprogrammedtemperature—capillarygaschromatography—maSsspectrometry.UsingRaneyNiascatalysLtheoptimumconditionWaSthefollowing:ethylnicotinate15mL(0.11m01),solvent150mL,RaneyNi3g,reactiontemperature60℃,hydrogenp
7、ressure2Mpa,reactiontime3h.TheyieldofethylnipecotateWaS98.09%.Thepuritywas97.74%.Theprocesshasimportantindustrialapplicationpotential.Keywords:Ethylnipecotate,catalytichydrogenation,orthogonaltest,gaSchromatography-maSsspectrometr