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1、天津大學(xué)碩士學(xué)位論文共沸精餾分離乙二醇-丙二醇-丁二醇物系的研究姓名:宋高鵬申請(qǐng)學(xué)位級(jí)別:碩士專業(yè):化學(xué)工程指導(dǎo)教師:宋海華20061201中文摘要由于全球石油資源逐漸減少,國際油價(jià)不斷攀升,為解決石油緊缺的問題,近年許多國家都提出了玉米“替代”石油戰(zhàn)略。用玉米代替石油做原料生產(chǎn)化工醇成本低,又是利用可再生資源制造化工產(chǎn)品,因此正日益引起各國政府的關(guān)注。玉米發(fā)酵液經(jīng)脫水、裂解和初步分離的粗產(chǎn)品為乙二醇一1,2.丙二醇一1,2.丁二醇的混合物,其中丁二醇有較高的經(jīng)濟(jì)價(jià)值。本文研究從中分離出重組分1,2.丁二醇的方法,具有重
2、要的經(jīng)濟(jì)價(jià)值和現(xiàn)實(shí)意義。.由于體系中三元物系的沸點(diǎn)相差很小,本文選擇共沸精餾的方法分離,用同倫--Newton聯(lián)合算法預(yù)測(cè)共沸組成和共沸點(diǎn),把模糊數(shù)學(xué)方法應(yīng)用于共沸精餾最佳溶劑的選擇研究中,建立了模糊綜合評(píng)判的溶劑選擇模型,選取了經(jīng)濟(jì)有效的共沸精餾溶劑,最后通過實(shí)驗(yàn)進(jìn)行分離,使丁二醇的純度達(dá)到了工業(yè)要求,可用于指導(dǎo)生產(chǎn)。本文中同倫--Newton聯(lián)合算法首先采用同倫方法把滿足共沸條件的方程轉(zhuǎn)化為微分連續(xù)同倫函數(shù),并由此變成一個(gè)常微分方程的初值問題。對(duì)于轉(zhuǎn)化以后的常微分初值問題,分別采用了中點(diǎn)求積公式和Euler預(yù)估一Ne
3、wton校正法對(duì)其進(jìn)行求解,以此解作為牛頓法的初值,然后采用Newton方法得到方程的精確解。用共沸精餾來分離三元物系,與普通精餾相比,提高了物系問的相對(duì)揮發(fā)度,增大了產(chǎn)品的收率,也提高了整個(gè)裝置的收益。關(guān)鍵詞:乙二醇,1,2.丙二醇,1,2.丁二醇,共沸精餾,同倫算法ABSTRACTBecausetheoilresourcesofthewholeworldaregraduallydecreasingandinternationaloilpriceisontherise,manycountriesareputtingfo
4、rwardthestrategyofusingtheCOrn“insteadof'’theoil.ItcostslessthatusingtheCOrn“insteadof'’theoilasmaterialproducespolybasicalcohol,anditisproducedbyusingrenewableresources,SOmoreandmorecountriesareincreasinglypayingattentiontothestrategy.Inthisthesis,Wecanget1,2-Bu
5、tanediolbyazeotropicdistillationfromthesystemGlycol一1,2-Propanediol-1,2一Butanediolwhichiscrudeproduction.Ithasimportanteconomicvalueandactualsignification.Forthethreecomponentsareazeotrope,inthisthesis,firstlyazeotropicdistillationwasselectedtoseparatethem.Second
6、lyhomotopy-NewtonunitedmethodwasusedtOpredictazeotropiccomponent’andazeotropictemperature.Thirdly,thesolventethylbenzenewasselectedfromsomesolventsbythefuzzmathematics.Atlast,theexperimentsweredonetOprovethefeasibility.Theequationsarebeingtransformedtoadifferenti
7、alhomotopy—continuationfunction,andbeingainitialvalueproblemofordinarydifferentialequation.Prediction-correctermethodsareadoptedinthisthesistosolveordinarydifferentialequation.AtlastweadoptNewtonmethodstOgettheexactsolution.SelectingazeotropicdistillationtOsepara
8、tethecomposition,comparedwithcommondistillation,canincreaserelativevolatilityofthecomponents,raiseyieldofproduction,andimproveearningsofallthedevices.Keywords: