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1、分類號(hào):TQ323.6UDC:y964s97單位代碼:10220學(xué)號(hào):G02055大慶石油學(xué)院工程碩士專業(yè)學(xué)位論文論文題目:碩士生:指導(dǎo)教師(校內(nèi)):指導(dǎo)教師(企業(yè)):申請(qǐng)學(xué)位級(jí)別:???高教隆凝劑地研制?????????????.蘸維溉?????????????趙曉韭??尉教援???????.???董或蠶?高級(jí)王程炳??????.?????王程硬±?????????工程領(lǐng)域:???????化學(xué)王程???一提交論文時(shí)間:????9咂.生.量縣.墅胃???????答辯日期:????嬰咂年,曼且堡目授予學(xué)位日期_??一2
2、006年5月26日大慶石油學(xué)院工程碩士專業(yè)學(xué)位論文高效降凝劑的研制摘要隨著我國(guó)國(guó)民經(jīng)濟(jì)的快速發(fā)展,對(duì)能源的需求也日益增長(zhǎng),其中對(duì)原油的需求十分緊迫。然而,原油不僅在供應(yīng)上不夠充分,而且在輸送方面還受到溫度的限制,當(dāng)氣溫達(dá)到原油凝點(diǎn)時(shí),就需要加熱輸送,這就會(huì)消耗能源,從而使原油的供求矛盾更為明顯。使用原油降凝劑則可以在一定程度上緩解上述問(wèn)題,而且還能創(chuàng)造出可觀的經(jīng)濟(jì)效益和社會(huì)效益。本文首先針對(duì)含蠟原油的特殊性,對(duì)其添加降凝劑的降凝機(jī)理進(jìn)行了總結(jié)與探討,對(duì)影響管輸加劑含蠟原油流變性的因素進(jìn)行了較全面的分析。研究表明,降凝
3、機(jī)理與降凝劑的種類、化學(xué)結(jié)構(gòu)及蠟晶生長(zhǎng)階段有關(guān),原油的族組成、降凝劑的組成結(jié)構(gòu)、加劑處理?xiàng)l件及原油所經(jīng)歷的熱歷史和剪切歷史都是影響加劑原油流變性的重要因素。本論文主要研究高效原油降凝劑,并合成出了AC系列降凝劑和SMA系列降凝劑。同時(shí)對(duì)這兩系列降凝劑的合成工藝進(jìn)行了分析和討論,確定出最佳合成工藝。論文還對(duì)降凝劑在大慶原油和遼河原油的應(yīng)用效果進(jìn)行了評(píng)價(jià),對(duì)不同降凝劑進(jìn)行了復(fù)配,并確定出適用于大慶原油和遼河原油的最佳配比。產(chǎn)品Ac—a4和Ac—a5可使大慶原油凝點(diǎn)降低8oc,AC—b5可使遼河原油凝點(diǎn)降低3。C。將Ac—
4、a4和SMA—a3以質(zhì)量比為1:l復(fù)配時(shí),可使大慶原油凝點(diǎn)降低8℃,將AC—a4和SMA—a3以質(zhì)量比為2:1復(fù)配時(shí),可使遼河原油凝點(diǎn)降低4℃。關(guān)鍵詞:降凝劑:最佳工藝;復(fù)配;配比:合成ABSTRACTSynthesisofHigh-efficientPourPointDepressantWiththedevelopmentofournationaleconomy,thedemandfortheenergyincreaseddaybyday,especiallytherequirementofcrudeoilisur
5、gent.However,crudeoilisnotonlyinsufficient,butalsolimitedbythetemperatureintransportingItisnecessaryforittocalefacientwhenitisbelowthepourpointwhichmakesthecontradictionmoreobviousbetweenthesupplyanddemandofCrudeoilByusingPourPointDepressants(PPD)Canalleviateab
6、ove—mentionedquestionsandcreatebenefitsforeconomyandsociety.Accordingtothepeculiarcharacterofwaxycrudeoil,theactionmechanismofPourPointDepressantisgeneralizedandinvestigatedinthispaper,anditisdifferentindifferentgrowthperiodofWaxcrystal,whichiscloselyrelatedtot
7、ilechemicalconstitutionaccordingtodifferenttypeofPPD.ThefactorsaffecttheimprovementeffectivenessafteraddingPPDincrudeoiltransportedinpipelineincludethecompositionofcrudeoil,thechemicalsLmctureofPPD,theadditionPPDtreatmentconditions,andtheheatandshearhistorythat
8、crudeoilgoesthroughinpipeline,etc.ThispaperinvestigatedsomeefficientPPD,andsynthesizedthePPDforACseriesandSMAseries.ItdiscussedthesynthesizingconditionofthesePPD,andconfirme