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1、南昌大學碩士學位論文相轉(zhuǎn)移催化合成對苯二甲酰氯的研究姓名:盛慶全申請學位級別:碩士專業(yè):化學工藝指導教師:肖鑒謀20081218摘要摘要本文研究了以對苯二甲酸為原料,氯化亞砜為酰氯化試劑,采用相轉(zhuǎn)移催化劑和固載催化劑合成對苯二甲酰氯的工藝。首先,通過考察催化劑、溶劑、原料配比、反應時間、反應溫度等因素對反應的影響確定了最佳的反應條件,并對反應機理進行了探討。在該優(yōu)化條件下,以芐基三乙基氯化銨為催化劑、物料摩爾配比為4:1、85℃、4h、無溶劑等條件下可實現(xiàn)收率96%以上,純度98.8%以上。其次,制備了四種新型
2、的聚合物固載催化劑PS.CH2(OCH2CH2)4NR3C1,對所制備催化劑進行了紅外光譜結(jié)構(gòu)表征和季銨鹽含量測定,并用于對苯二甲酸酰氯化,得出了適宜的合成工藝條件,即:對苯二甲酸16.69、SOCl230mL、甲苯32mL、催化劑39、反應溫度85℃、反應時間6h,可以實現(xiàn)收率89.6%,純度99.6%,催化劑回收率93.6%。循環(huán)6次結(jié)果基本不變。產(chǎn)物結(jié)構(gòu)經(jīng)過熔點、紅外光譜、核磁共振等方法得以確證。并建立了對苯二甲酰氯柱前衍生反相高效液相色譜定量分析方法,采用SunFireC18柱,流動相為甲醇和水,方法的
3、相對標準偏差RSD為0.1490%,平均回收率為99.53%。關(guān)鍵詞:相轉(zhuǎn)移催化;對苯二甲酸;氯化亞砜;對苯二甲酰氯;聚合物固載催化劑ABSTRACTInthepaper,phasetransfercatalystandpolymer-supportedcatalystwereusedforthesynthesisofterephthaloyldichloridefromterephthalicacidandthionylchloride.Firstly,effectsofcatalysts,solvents,
4、solvent,reactiontemperature,reactiontimeonyieldandpurityoftheproductwerestudiedandthebestresponseconditiontotheresponsedetermined.ThereactionmechanismWasproposed.Thesuitedconditionsweredeterminedas:themoleratioofthionylchloridetoterephthalicacidWas4:1,therea
5、ctiontemperaturewas85。Candreactiontimewas4hundersolvent-freecondition.TheyieldandpurityofterephthaloyldichlorideWasnotlessthan96%andthepurityWasnotlessthan98.8%..Secondly,fourkindsofnewpolymer-supportedcatalystsweresynthesizedundertheimprovedconditions,andwe
6、reanalyzedandattributedbyIRandcontentdetermination.Thecatalyticsystemwasusedfortheacylchloridereactionofterephthalicacid,andthereactionmechanismswerediscussed.Thereactionconditionsoptimizedaleasfollows:terephthalicacid16.69,SOCh30mL,toluene32mL,dosageofcatal
7、yst39,time6handtemperature85。C.Undertheoptimizedcondition.yieldWas89.6%andthepurityofterephthaloyldichlorideWas99.6%,withthecatalystrecovery93.6%.Thecatalyticactivityremainedstableafterthesixrecycles.Thestructureofthetargetproductwasidentifiedbymeltingpointd
8、etermination,IRand’H—NMR.Areversedphasehighperformanceliquidchromatographicmethodwithpre—columnderivationWasdescribedforanalyzingmedicalintermediateterephthaloyldichloride.TheSunFireC18columnWas