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1、中南大學(xué)碩士學(xué)位論文基于非線性破壞準(zhǔn)則下的巖石地基承載力上限分析姓名:曹鑫申請(qǐng)學(xué)位級(jí)別:碩士專業(yè):巖土工程指導(dǎo)教師:張國(guó)祥20070501摘要巖石地基承載力的傳統(tǒng)分析方法多采用線性的摩爾-庫(kù)侖破壞準(zhǔn)則。也有學(xué)者引入了非線性破壞準(zhǔn)則,再采用單切線法引入了強(qiáng)度指標(biāo),進(jìn)而對(duì)地基承載力進(jìn)行求解。但單切線法實(shí)際上是將非線性破壞曲線線性化,并非真正意義上的引入非線性破壞準(zhǔn)則。而本文則采用多切線法,完全依據(jù)Hoek-Brown非線性破壞曲線選取強(qiáng)度指標(biāo),然后通過(guò)條分法和大型的數(shù)學(xué)規(guī)劃理論得到了最小的上限解。通過(guò)計(jì)算分析發(fā)現(xiàn),采用本文所述多切線法所得的計(jì)算結(jié)果與采用上下限有限元法所得的結(jié)果較為相似,但
2、前者過(guò)程簡(jiǎn)潔明快。在與采用單切線法所得結(jié)果的比較中發(fā)現(xiàn),采用單切線將過(guò)高的估計(jì)地基承載力,最大的差別可達(dá)到179.3%,在工程應(yīng)用時(shí)可能帶來(lái)巨大的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)。按照Hoek的建議,采用單切線法時(shí)強(qiáng)度指標(biāo)至少需折減25%。此外,文中還探討了GSI、m。巖石自重、超載和擾動(dòng)系數(shù)對(duì)地基承載力的影響。從計(jì)算結(jié)果表明,地基承載力隨著GSI和胛。的增大而增大,反映了巖石本身的完整性和巖性對(duì)地基承載力的影響。隨著巖石自重或超載的增加地基承載力也有所增加,特別是當(dāng)GSI和肼。較小時(shí),二者對(duì)地基承載力的影響較為顯著,而當(dāng)GSI和m,較大時(shí)影響較小。地基的開挖擾動(dòng)會(huì)對(duì)地基承載力產(chǎn)生不利影響,當(dāng)GSI和鞏較小時(shí)這種
3、影響較大,而當(dāng)GSI和m,較大時(shí)其影響則較小。關(guān)鍵詞巖石地基承載力,Hoek-Brown破壞準(zhǔn)則,上限理論,大型數(shù)學(xué)規(guī)劃理論ABSTRACTConventionalcalculationsofbearingcapacitywereformulatedintermsofalinearMohr-Coulombfailurecriterion.Someauthorsemployednonlinearfailurecriterionsandobtainedthestrengthparametersbysingletangentialtechniquewhencalculatingbearing
4、capacity.Actually,thetangentialtechnique,whichisjustamethodtolinearizethenon-linearcurve,cannotcompletelysimulatethenon-linearfailureprocess.Inthisarticle,themulti-tangentialtechniqueisintroduced,combiningwiⅡlthemulti-wedgetranslmionfailuremechanismandtheupperboundtheoremofclassicalplasticity,mi
5、nimumupperboundsolutionsareobtained.Astheresultsshow,thereislittledifferencebetweentheresultsinthisarticleandthatpresentedinotherarticlesbyusingfiniteelementsinconjunctionwiththelowerandupperboundtheoremsofclassicalplasticity,buttheformermethodismoreconvenientandefficient.However,lmgedifferencei
6、sobservedwhencompareswiththeresultsbyusingsingletangentialtechnique.Itwouldoverestimatethebearingcapacityby179.3%atmost,thusrunagreatriskonpracticalapplicationswhenusingsingletangentialtechnique.ItWassuggestedbyHockthatthestrengthparametersshouldbefactoredbyatleast25%whenusingsingletangentialtec
7、hnique.TheimpactofGSI、mf、unitweightofrock、surchargeanddisturbancecoefficeemonbearingcapacityisalsodiscussed.Astheresultsshows,bearingcapacityincreaseswiththeincreasingofGSIand聊i,whichindicatesthatthebearingcapacityismainlyde