資源描述：
《English Speaking a task-based approach 》由會員上傳分享，免費在線閱讀，更多相關(guān)內(nèi)容在教育資源-天天文庫。
1、BridgingCultures跨文化口語教程EnglishSpeaking:atask-basedapproachWhyBridgingCultures?Students’needs-aglobalizedjobmarketInternationalizedstudiesSurvivalskillsCross-culturalcommunication(moreandmorelaowaiinChina)Whatwecanofferthem?Fromcommunicativeconfidencetocommunicativecompetence
2、BridgingCultures(ForeignLanguageTeachingandResearchPress,2005)Inspiredbyreal-lifeexperienceCommunicativeconfidenceCommunicationincontextAnimportantpartoffosteringinternationalizedtalentAwarenessofotherculturesUnderstandingofone’sowncultureWhytask-based?Tocreateaneffectivelea
3、rningenvironmentintheclassroom,weneedtoprovidethreeessentialconditions:theprovisionofexposuretothetargetlanguage;theprovisionofopportunitiesforlearnerstousethetargetlanguageforrealcommunication;andthepromotionofmotivationforlearnerstoengageinthelearningprocess.(Willis,1996)D
4、efiningtasksEllis(2003)Ataskisaworkplanthatrequireslearnerstoprocesslanguagepragmaticallyinordertoachieveanoutcomethatcanbeevaluatedintermsofthecorrectorappropriatecontentthathasbeenconveyed.Tothisend,itrequiresthemtogiveprimaryattentiontomeaningandtomakeuseoftheirownlinguis
5、ticresources…Ataskisintendedtoresultinlanguageusethatbearssomeresemblance,directorindirect,tothewaylanguageisusedintherealworld.Likeotherlanguageactivities,ataskcanengageproductiveorreceptive,andoralorwrittenskills,andalsovariouscognitiveprocesses.Principlesofatask-basedappr
6、oachFormandmeaning形式和意義結(jié)合原則Authenticity真實性原則Recycling循環(huán)性原則Taskdependency任務(wù)依賴原則Learningbydoing在做中學(xué)原則Scaffolding扶助性原則DifferencebetweentasksandexercisesWhatdistinguishesataskfromanexerciseisthekindofmeaninginvolved.Whereasataskisconcernedwith‘pragmaticmeaning’,i.e.theuseoflangu
7、ageincontext,anexerciseisconcernedwith‘semanticmeaning’,i.e.thesystemicmeaningsthatspecificformscanconveyirrespectiveofcontext.Thus,a‘task’requirestheparticipantstofunctionprimarilyas‘languageusers’inthesensethattheymustemploythesamekindsofcommunicativeprocessesasthoseinvolv
8、edinreal-worldactivities.(Ellis,2003)Differencesbetween“exercise”and“task”(
