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1、內(nèi)蒙古農(nóng)業(yè)大學(xué)碩士學(xué)位論文氮、磷、鉀對(duì)茴香精油含量和成分的影響研究姓名:陳紅波申請(qǐng)學(xué)位級(jí)別:碩士專業(yè):蔬菜學(xué)指導(dǎo)教師:王羽梅20060501摘要采用深液流水培韻方式,在只本園試配方的基礎(chǔ)上,分別改變氮、磷、鉀的濃度,研究了不同濃度的氮、磷、鉀對(duì)茴香生長(zhǎng)、精油含量和成分、單株精油產(chǎn)量和碳氮代謝的影響,研究結(jié)果表明:不同濃度的氦磷、鉀處理對(duì)茴香精油含量影響較大,其中,氮和鉀處理的精油含量以1/4濃度為最高:磷以I/8濃度最高。即較低的氮、磷、鉀濃度有利于茴香精油的形成與積累。不同濃度的氮、磷、鉀處理對(duì)茴香植株生長(zhǎng)的影響趨勢(shì)相同,單株生物產(chǎn)量均以標(biāo)準(zhǔn)配方的1倍區(qū)為最好,因此,由生物產(chǎn)量和精
2、油含量折合成的單株精油產(chǎn)量均以氮、磷、鉀處理的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)濃度為最高。不同濃度的氮、磷、鉀處理對(duì)精油主要成分種類的影響不大,各處理的精油主要成分都是反式茴香腦和檸檬烯。但是,氮、磷、鉀濃度在一定程度上影響精油成分的相對(duì)含量。不同濃度的氮磷鉀處理對(duì)精油含量的影響與碳氮代謝關(guān)系密切,精油含量與全碳、可溶性糖的含量均呈顯著或極顯著正相關(guān)關(guān)系;與全氮或氮白氮多呈負(fù)相關(guān)關(guān)系,或相關(guān)性不顯著。以提高茴香精油產(chǎn)量和品質(zhì)為目的的栽培應(yīng)以標(biāo)準(zhǔn)配方的氮、磷、鉀濃度來(lái)施肥,增加或減少它們的濃度都會(huì)導(dǎo)致精油產(chǎn)量和質(zhì)量的降低。所以合理施肥對(duì)提高茴香精油產(chǎn)量和質(zhì)量是非常重要的。關(guān)鍵詞:茴香:精油;氮磷鉀;碳氮代謝氣\I
3、AStudyofEffectofNitrogen,PhorsphorusandPotassiumonQualityandContentofEssentialOilofFennelAbstractThesubjectwasstudiedtheeffectofdifferentN,P,KconcentrationsinnutrientwaterbyDeepFlowTechnique(DFT)ongrowthoffennel,qualityandcontentofessentialoil,essentialoilyieldofaplant,carbonandnitrogenofmetabo
4、lism.N,P,KconcentrationWaschangedonthebasicofstandardYuanshiCompositionofJapan(CK).Andthemainresultsshowed:FennelwastreatedbydifferentconcentrationsofN,P’K.Thedifferenceofcontentofessentialoilwassignificant.Contentofessentialoilofl/4nconcentrationwashighestinthetreatmentsofnitrogenandpotassium,
5、contentofessentialoilof1/8nconcentrationofphorsphorustreatmentwashighest.Thatwastosay,lowerconcentrationsofnitrogen,phorsphorusandpotassiumwerebenefittedtoformandaccumulationofessentialoil.,ThereWassimilartrendofgrowthbyN,P,Ktreatmentsofdifferentconcentrations.FennelyieldofInconcentrationwashig
6、hestinallN,P,Ktreatments.Therefore.combiningtwoaspectsoffennelyieldofaplantandcontentofessentialoil,essentialoilyieldofaplantofInconcentrationwashighestinallN,P,Ktreatments.KindsofcompositionsofessentialoiltreatedbyN,P,Ktreatmentsweresimilar.ThemaincompositionswereallLimoneneand(E).Anethole.But
7、relativecontentofcompositionswaseffectedobviouslybyN,P,Ktreatmentsofdifferentconcentrations.Therelationbetweenessentialoilandmetabolismofcarbonandnitrogenoffennelwasclosely.Therewasobviouslypositiverevelancebetweenessentialoilandc