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1、機(jī)械設(shè)計(jì)與制造第7期70MachineryDesign&Manufacture2015年7月汽車磁流變半主動(dòng)懸架控制策略對(duì)比研究寇發(fā)榮,劉攀,張冬冬(西安科技大學(xué)機(jī)械工程學(xué)院,陜西西安710054)摘要:在分析磁流變減振器的結(jié)構(gòu)與原理的基礎(chǔ)上,建立起較為簡(jiǎn)化的汽車磁流變減振器數(shù)學(xué)模型。同時(shí),建立了1/4汽車半主動(dòng)懸架系統(tǒng)動(dòng)力學(xué)模型及路面譜模型;分別設(shè)計(jì)了基于磁流變半主動(dòng)懸架系統(tǒng)的天棚控制器、地棚控制器、PID控制器及模糊控制器,并利用Matlab/Simulink軟件進(jìn)行了仿真試驗(yàn)對(duì)比研究。在天棚控制策略下,車身加速度降低16.32%,懸架動(dòng)撓度降低16.91%;在地棚控制下,車身加
2、速度降低11.29%,懸架動(dòng)撓度降低2.94%;在PID控制下,車身加速度降低79%,懸架動(dòng)撓度反而上升73%;在模糊控制下,車身加速度降低21%,懸架動(dòng)撓度降低12%,輪胎動(dòng)載荷降低5%。結(jié)果表明,模糊控制磁流變半主動(dòng)懸架有效減小了車身加速度、懸架動(dòng)撓度、輪胎動(dòng)載荷,明顯地提高了汽車乘坐舒適陛和操縱穩(wěn)定性。關(guān)鍵詞:磁流變減振器;半主動(dòng)懸架;天棚控制地棚控制;模糊控制中圖分類號(hào):TH16;U463.33文獻(xiàn)標(biāo)識(shí)碼:A文章編號(hào):1001—3997(2015)07—0070—04TheComparativeStudyonControlStrategyofVehicleSemi-Activ
3、eSuspensionwithMagnet0一Rhe0IOgicaIFluidDamperKOUFa-rong,LIUPan,ZHANGDong—dong(CollegeofMechanicalEngineering,Xi’anUniversityofScienceandTechnology,ShaanxiXi’an710054,China)Abstract:ThestructureandprincipleoftheMagneto—RheologicalFluiddamper(MRF)isintroducedandasimpedmathematicalmodelisestablish
4、ed.Atthesametime,quarter-cardynamicmodelofvehiclesemi-activesuspensionandroadspectrummodelarealsosetup.Somecontrolstrategies,such∞skyhookcontrol,ground-hookcontrol,PIDcontrolandfuzzyZ0ccontroller,aredesignedtocontrolthesemi—activesuspensions~tem.Thesimulationtestscontrolstrategiesayecompletedby
5、usingMatlab/SimulinkSoj~ware.Underskyhookcontrol,boaccelerationreducesby16.32%,suspensiondynamicdeflectionreducesby16.91%undertheground—hookcontrol,bodyaccelerationreducesby11.29%,andsuspensiondynamicdeflectionreducesby2.94%.UnderPIDcontrol,boaccelerationreducesby79%,suspensiondynamicdeflection
6、risesby73%.Underfuzzycontrol,bodyaccelerationreducesby21%%,suspensiondynamicdeflectionreducesby12%,anddynamiclondtirereducesby5%.Theresultsshowthatfuzzycontrolsemi-activesuspensionwithMRFefectivetyreducesthevehicleboacceleration,susper~iondeflectionandtyredynamicf0Asaresult,vehicleridecomfortan
7、dhandlingandstabilityareobviouslyimproved.KeyWords:Magneto-RheologicalFluidDamper;Semi-ActiveSuspension;SkyhookControl;GroundhookControl;FuzzyControl1引言形成的懸浮液。這種懸浮液能夠在零磁場(chǎng)時(shí)保持牛頓流體的特性,在磁場(chǎng)作用下呈現(xiàn)出賓漢彈性流體特陛『1_。傳統(tǒng)的被動(dòng)懸架系統(tǒng)由液壓式減振器及彈性元件組成,在汽車磁