農(nóng)村育齡婦女孕產(chǎn)期保健需求調(diào)查

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1、農(nóng)村育齡婦女孕產(chǎn)期保健需求調(diào)查【摘要】目的了解安徽省農(nóng)村地區(qū)育齡婦女對(duì)孕產(chǎn)期保健的需求狀況，為制定有效干預(yù)方案提供基礎(chǔ)數(shù)據(jù)。方法自行設(shè)計(jì)問(wèn)卷，對(duì)安徽省2縣1836名經(jīng)產(chǎn)婦進(jìn)行健康需求調(diào)查。結(jié)果大多數(shù)農(nóng)村婦女對(duì)孕產(chǎn)期保健知識(shí)知之甚少，對(duì)孕產(chǎn)期有關(guān)保健知識(shí)需求占前3位的依次為科學(xué)育兒知識(shí)與技能(95.8％)、產(chǎn)褥期母嬰保健與母乳喂養(yǎng)(91.5％)、孕期營(yíng)養(yǎng)(90.6％)。認(rèn)為獲取保健知識(shí)的最佳途徑依次為專(zhuān)人進(jìn)行孕期保健指導(dǎo)(91.2％)、發(fā)放宣傳小冊(cè)子(85.6％)、通過(guò)電視等媒介(81.3％)。22.0％的農(nóng)村經(jīng)產(chǎn)婦

2、表示不需要進(jìn)行產(chǎn)后訪(fǎng)視，13.8％的經(jīng)產(chǎn)婦認(rèn)為目前產(chǎn)前檢查項(xiàng)目已經(jīng)足夠。文化程度高、家庭經(jīng)濟(jì)條件較好的經(jīng)產(chǎn)婦對(duì)保健知識(shí)、產(chǎn)前檢查的需求較高(P均<0.05)。結(jié)論文化水平低、經(jīng)濟(jì)狀況差的經(jīng)產(chǎn)婦是實(shí)施衛(wèi)生宣傳教育的重點(diǎn)，應(yīng)研究制定合適的健康促進(jìn)宣傳材料和采取靈活的健康促進(jìn)方式，有的放失地進(jìn)行健康教育?！娟P(guān)鍵詞】衛(wèi)生服務(wù)需求孕產(chǎn)期保健服務(wù)農(nóng)村衛(wèi)生育齡婦女InvestigationonhealthcaredemandsformaternalhealthofchildbearingwomeninruralareasZHAO

3、Yuanyuan,TAOFangbiao,LONGXiang,etal.DepartmentofMaternalandChildHealthCare,PublicHealthSchool,AnhuiMedicalUniversity(Hefei230032，China)Abstract：ObjectiveInordertomakeeffectiveinterventionmeasures,thedemandsofruralwomenmaternalhealthcarewereinvestigated.Metho

4、dsTheinvestigationwasadministeredin1836womenfromtwocountiesofAnhuiprovince.Allparticipantscompletedself-adaptedclosedquestionnaireonhealthcareneeds.ResultsMostruralwomenknowlittleaboutmaternalhealthcareknowledge.ThetopthreeofMCHknowledgeneededwerethescientific

5、knowledgeandskillofraisingbaby(95.8%),maternalhealthcareinchildbedperiodandbreast-feeding(91.5%),nutrition(90.6%).ThebestapproachesforpregnantwomentoobtainknowledgeweredoingMCHguidancebymedicalworker(91.2%),sendingoutthrowaway(85.6%),viaTVandothermedia(81.3%).

6、22.0%participantsexpressedthattheydidn'tneedpostpartumvisit,and13.8%thoughtthatthecontentofprenatalcheck-upwereenough.Thehighereducationlevel,betterdomesticeconomyweretheprotectivefactorsoftheneedforMCHknowledgeandprenatalcheckup(P<0.05).ConclusionTheemphaseso

7、fhealtheducationaretheruralpregnantwomenwithloweducationlevelandpoordomesticeconomy.Itisnecessarytostudyandestablishproperpropagandisticdocumentandmeasureforhealthpromotion.Keywords：healthservicesdemand;maternalhealthcare;ruralhealth孕產(chǎn)期保健是婦女保健的重點(diǎn)之一，也是降低母嬰死亡率和提

8、高嬰兒出生質(zhì)量的重要措施〔1〕。在發(fā)展中國(guó)家，特別是農(nóng)村地區(qū)，孕產(chǎn)期保健服務(wù)的可及性比較低〔2,3〕，由于受到經(jīng)濟(jì)、文化、政治制度等多因素的制約，農(nóng)村地區(qū)育齡婦女在基本的孕產(chǎn)期保健需求上很難得到滿(mǎn)足，嚴(yán)重影響了農(nóng)村地區(qū)經(jīng)產(chǎn)婦身心健康。本文就農(nóng)村經(jīng)產(chǎn)婦的保健需求狀況進(jìn)行調(diào)查，為選擇適合農(nóng)村的健康教育方式提供依據(jù)。1對(duì)象與方法1.1對(duì)象根據(jù)安徽省繁昌縣、宣州區(qū)農(nóng)