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1、15thInternationalconferenceonMechatronicsandMachineVisioninPractice(M2VIP08),2-4Dec2008,Auckland,New-ZealandEnergyHarvestingandCurrentStateoftheTechnologywithApplicationtoTrafficMonitoringF.K.Noble,F.Alam,J.Potgieter,andW.L.XuSchoolofEngineeringandAdvancedTechno
2、logy,MasseyUniversity,Auckland,NewZealandEmail:frazer_noble@hotmail.comefficientenergybudgetsinordertolastaslongaspossible.Abstract-AutonomoussystemspresentthefutureofwirelessHowever,therelianceonbatteriesisalessthanidealsolution:networksandapplications.Systemst
3、hatareabletogoanywherebatteriesareinherentlyfinitedevices,requiringperiodicandbetruly"autonomous"haveahugeadvantageoverthosereplacementorrecharging;arebulkyinnature,constrainingdependentonfinitepowersources.Theydonotrequireregulartheminiaturizationofdevices;andc
4、ontainhazardousmaintenanceofabattery;thereforetheycanbeputintoplaceswhereitmightbedifficulttoreplacecomponents.Thequestionischemicals,requiringenvironmentallyfriendlydisposal.The"Howtopoweranautonomoussystem?"Energyharvestinghasrelianceonbatterypowerinstillsthen
5、eedtobemaintainedinbeenproposedasameanstoharnessenergyfromasystem'sawirelessdevice;whichforapplicationswhereaccessibilityisoperatingenvironmentandconvertittoelectricity.Researchwasanissuepresentsasignificantproblem.Energyharvestinghasundertakeninordertothoroughl
6、yinvestigatethecurrentstateofbeenproposedasameansofaugmentingorreplacingwirelessharvestingtechnologiesandtheresultsarepresentedinadevices'powersuppliesbyconvertingambientenergyintocomprehensiveliteraturereview.Thereviewfocusesontheunderlyingtheoryandtheoperating
7、principlesusedbyelectricity.Wirelessdevicesincorporatingeitherhybridelectromagnetic,piezoelectric,andelectrostaticharvesters.Webatteryorharvestedenergypowersupplycanbethoughtofashavealsoinvestigatedanddiscussedtheresearchandtrulyautonomous.Independentandself-con
8、tained,suchmethodologyusedbypreviousresearchersindevelopingtheirsystemsdonotneedtobemaintained;enablingtheirownsystems.Frompreliminaryanalysis,itisevidentthatplacemen
