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1、VOL.9,NO.5WATERRESOURCESRESEARCHOCTOBER1973AnalysisofCoupledHeat-FluidTransportinPartiallyFrozenSoilR.L.HARLANWaterResourcesBranch,Departmento]theEnvironment,Ottawa,Ontario,CanadaAnanalogycanbemadebetweenthemechanismsofwatertransportinpartiallyfrozensoilsandthoseinunsaturatedsoils.Byuseof
2、thisanalogyaDarcianapproachisappliedtotheanalysisofcoupledheat-fluidtransportinporousmediawithfreezingandthawing.Withtheaidofanumericalmodel,freezing-affectedsoil-waterredistributionandinfiltrationtofrozensoilareexaminedfromaphenomenological.pointofview,andtheeffectsofsoiltypeandinitialco
3、nditionsontheresponseofahypotheticalsoilcolumnarestudied.Ingeneral,themodelshowsthattherateofupwardredistributionofsoilwatertoafreezingzoneatthesoilsurfacedecreasesfromcoarse-texturedsoilstofine-texturedsoilsanddecreaseswithin-creaseindepthtothewatertable.Subsequentredistributionduringmel
4、tingofthefrostwedgeisshowntooccurataratelessthanthatassociatedwithfreezing.Infiltrationtopar-tiallyfrozensoilisalsoshowntohaveasignificantinfluenceonsoil-waterredistributionandtheresponseofthegroundwatertable.Conceptually,waterinsoilsatmoisturecon-pendmainlyontemperature[Andersonandtentsl
5、essthansaturationcanbevisualizedHoekstra,1965b]andexceptforverydrysoilsasoccupyingwedge-shapedvolumesintercon-tobenearlyindependentoftotalwatercon-nectedbythinliquidfilmsexistingbetweentent,thatis,liquidwaterplusice[Lowetal.,clayplateletsandonparticlesurfaces[Kemper,1968a;Williams,1968].T
6、hethicknessofthe1960].Liquidtransferbetweenwedge-shapedliquidfilmsdecreasesfrom50Aormoreatvolumesandthereforethroughsoilingeneral0?Ctoabout9Aat--5?C;from--5?Ctomusttakeplacethroughthesefilms.Becauseliquidnitrogentemperatures,filmthicknessde-thepropertiesoftheseadsorbedfilmsdonotcreasesfro
7、mabout9Ato3A[Anderson,changesignificantlywithtemperaturesabove1968].0?C,liquidtransferunderathermalgradientWhensoilandwaterataconstantvaporisassumedtobeinsignificantformostfieldpressureandtemperatureareinequilibrium,andlaboratorysituations.Thevalidityofthistheresult