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1、大豆和小麥對土壤中鎘的吸收與富集研究趙魯1，李旭軍2*，劉安輝1，吳文強2，葉琰1，張澤1，劉清揚1，蔣增1，許麗1（1輕工業(yè)環(huán)境保護研究所，北京，100089；2北京市土肥工作站，北京，100029）摘要：在溫室條件下，采用盆栽方法研究了大豆和小麥在全鎘含量為0.211~2.011mg/kg的土壤中生長狀況以及對鎘的吸收與富集特征。結果表明，試驗所設土壤鎘含量對兩種作物的株高和單盆籽粒數(shù)沒有影響。隨土壤鎘含量的增加，兩者單盆產(chǎn)量呈先增加后降低的趨勢。大豆籽粒在土壤全鎘含量為0.211~0.811mg/kg時，小麥籽粒在土壤全鎘含量為1.411~2.011mg/
2、kg時，更容易積累鎘。添加鎘能明顯增加兩種作物植株各部分鎘含量。外源添加鎘對大豆的轉移系數(shù)影響不明顯，但能增加小麥的轉移系數(shù)。兩種作物的富集系數(shù)基本表現(xiàn)為根＞莖葉＞籽粒。在土壤全鎘含量低于0.511mg/kg時，大豆根和莖的富集系數(shù)接近或大于1.0，對鎘的吸收較強。在全鎘含量高于0.811mg/kg時，小麥莖葉的富集系數(shù)接近或大于1.0，對鎘的吸收較強。小麥根的富集系數(shù)均高于大豆，且大于1.0，前者具有更高的鎘富集能力。關鍵詞：大豆小麥鎘含量轉移系數(shù)富集系數(shù)UptakeandAccumulationCharacteristicsofCadmiumbySoybea
3、nandWheatinSoilZHAOLu1,LIXu-jun2*,LIUAn-hui1,WUWen-qiang2,YeYan1,ZHANGZe1,LIUQing-yang1,JIANGZeng1,XuLi1(1EnvironmentalProtectionInstituteofLightIndustry,Beijing,100089,China;2BeijingSoilandFertilizerStation,Beijing,100029,China)Abstract:Apotexperimentwasconductedinagreenhouse,tostud
4、ythegrowthcondition,uptakeandaccumulationcharacteristicsofcadmiumbysoybeanandwheatplantedinthesoilwithcadmiumconcentrationof0.211~2.011mg/kg.Theresultsshowedthatnoimpactofsoilcadmiumconcentrationwasfoundontheplantheightandgrainnumbersoftwocrops.Withsoilcadmiumconcentrationincreasing,
5、theyieldperpotofthetwocropsroseinthesoiloflowcadmiumconcentration,andfellinthatofhigh.Itwaseasiertoaccumulatecadmiumforthesoybeanseedinthesoilcadmiumcontentof0.211~2.011mg/kg,andthewheatseedof1.411~2.011mg/kg.Addingofcadmiumincreasedthecadmiumcontentofeachpartofthetwocropplants.Thetr
6、anslocationfactor(TF)ofwheatincreasedduetotheaddingofcadmium,butthatofsoybeanhadnosignificantchange.Thebioconcentrationfactors(BCF)ofthetwocropsareinthefollowingorder:root＞stemandleaf＞grain.Thecadmiumabsorptioncapacityofsoybeanrootandstemwasstrong,andBCFofthemwasabove1.0whenthesoilca
7、dmiumcontentwaslessthan0.511mg/kg.Thecadmiumabsorptioncapacityofwheatleafandstemwasstrong,andBCFofthemwasabove1.0whenthesoilcadmiumcontentwasmorethan0.811mg/kg.TheBCFofwheatrootwasabove1.0andlargerthanthatofsoybean.Thecadmiumabsorptionandaccumulationcapacityofwheatisstrongerthansoybe
8、an.Keywords:
