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《Markedness-Reduction and Preservation in Phonology-Paul de Lacy》由會員上傳分享，免費在線閱讀，更多相關(guān)內(nèi)容在學術(shù)論文-天天文庫。
1、ThispageintentionallyleftblankMARKEDNESS‘Markedness’referstothetendencyoflanguagestoshowapreferenceforparticularstructuresorsounds.Thisbiastowards‘unmarked’elementsisconsistentwithinandacrosslanguages,andtellsusagreatdealaboutwhatlanguagescanandcannotdo.Thispioneeringstudypresentsagr
2、oundbreakingtheoryofmarkednessinphonology.DeLacyarguesthatmarkednessispartofourlinguisticCompetence,andisdeterminedbythreecon?ictingmecha-nismsinthebrain:(a)pressuretopreservemarkedsounds(‘preservation’),(b)pressuretoturnmarkedsoundsintounmarkedsounds(‘reduction’),and(c)amechanismall
3、owingthedistinctionbetweenmarkedandunmarkedsoundstobecollapsed(‘con?ation’).Heshowsthat,duetothesemechanisms,markednessoccursonlywhenpreservationisirrelevant.Drawingonexamplesofphenomenasuchasepenthesis,neutralization,assimilation,vowelreduc-tion,andsonority-drivenstress,Markednessof
4、fersanimportantnewinsightintothisessentialconceptintheunderstandingofhumanlanguage.pauldelacyisAssistantProfessorintheDepartmentofLinguistics,RutgersUniversity.Hehascontributedtoawiderangeofbooksandjournals,andiseditoroftheforthcomingCambridgeHandbookofPhonology(tobepublishedbyCambri
5、dgeUniversityPress,2006).Inthisseries73johna.hawkins:Aperformancetheoryoforderandconstituency74alicec.harrisandlylecampbell:Historicalsyntaxincross-linguisticperspective75lilianehaegeman:Thesyntaxofnegation76paulgorrel:Syntaxandparsing77guglielmocinque:Italiansyntaxanduniversalgramma
6、r78henrysmith:Restrictivenessincasetheory79d.robertladd:Intonationalmorphology80andreamoro:Theraisingofpredicates:predicativenounphrasesandthetheoryofclausestructure81rogerlass:Historicallinguisticsandlanguagechange82johnm.anderson:Anotionaltheoryofsyntacticcategories83berndheine:Pos
7、session:cognitivesources,forcesandgrammaticalization84nomierteschik-shir:Thedynamicsoffocusstructure85johncoleman:Phonologicalrepresentations:theirnames,formsandpowers86christinay.bethin:Slavicprosody:languagechangeandphonologicaltheory87barbaradancygier:Conditionalsandprediction88cl
8、airelefebvre
