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1、高中英語定語從句詳解◆英語諺語欣賞1.Hewhoknowsnothingbutpretendstoknoweverythingisindeedagood-for–nothing.不懂裝懂，一事無成.2.It’sthefirststepthatcosts.千里之行，始于足下3.Hethatmakeshimselfasheepshallbeeatenbythewolf.甘當(dāng)小綿羊，遲早要喂狼.Ⅰ.概念：(1)定語從句：在主從復(fù)合句中用作定語的從句叫定語從句。定語從句一般緊接在先行詞(antecedent)后面。(2)先行詞：被定語從句修飾的成份。先行詞可以為一個詞，短語，
2、或整個主句。(3)引導(dǎo)定語從句的詞叫關(guān)系詞，分為關(guān)系代詞和關(guān)系副詞。關(guān)系詞的作用：1)引導(dǎo)定語從句，連接主句和從句，相當(dāng)于一個連詞；2)必在從句中作某個句子成份（可以做主語，賓語，表語，定語，狀語）常用的關(guān)系代詞:that、which、who、whom、whose、as常用的關(guān)系副詞（在從句中只作狀語）:when、why、whereThestudentwhoansweredthequestionwasJohn.Iknowthereasonwhyhewassoangry.Theboy(whom)youaretalkingtoismybrother.I'dlikearoo
3、mwhosewindowlooksoutoverthesea.定語從句三步：第一找出先行詞；第二看先行詞在定語從句中的語法功能（做主語、賓語或狀語）；第三選擇合適的關(guān)系詞。Ⅱ.幾個關(guān)系代詞的基本用法：●that:可指人或物；在定語從句中作主語，賓語，表語。(指人時，相當(dāng)于who或whom；指物時，相當(dāng)于which)(一般不用于非限制性定語從句;不可置于介詞后作賓語)如：1.Aletterthat/whichiswritteninpencilisdifficulttoread.(主語)2.Doyouknowthegentlemanthat/whospokejustnow
4、?3.Youcantakeanything(that)youlike.（賓語）4.Whatisthequestion(that/which)theyaretalkingabout?5.Hereistheman(who/whom/that)youwanttosee.6.She'snolongerthegirl(that)sheusedtobebefore.（表語）7.Ourhometownisnolongertheone(that)itusedtobe.=Ourhometownisnotthesameasitusedtobe.=Ourhometownisdifferen
5、tfromwhatitusedtobe。=Ourhometownisnotwhatitusedtobe.●which:指物；在定語從句中作主語，賓語，表語，定語。如：1.Thebookwhich/thatwasonthedeskwasboughtbymyfather.（主語）2.Thebook(which/that)Iboughtyesterdayisveryinteresting.（賓語）3.Thefactoryinwhichhisfatherworksisfarfromhere.4.Hewasproud,whichhisbrotherneverwas.（表語）5.
6、Tomspentfouryearsincollege,duringwhichtimehelearnedFrench.（定語）6.Hemaybelate,inwhichcaseweoughttowaitforhim.●who,whom,whose:who:主格,在從句中作主語，在口語或非正式用法中作賓語;只可指人whom:賓格，在從句中作賓語;只可指人whose:屬格，在從句中作定語，可指人也可指物。Ilikethestudentswho/thatworkhard.（主語）Allwhoheardthestorywereamazed.(代詞如he,they,any,tho
7、se,all,one等后多用who.)Chaplin,forwhomlifehadoncebeenveryhard,wasasuccessasanactor.（賓語）He'samanfromwhomweshouldlearn.=He'saman(whom/who/that)weshouldlearnfrom.Achildwhoseparentsaredeadiscalledanorphan.（指人）I'dlikearoomwhosewindowfacessouth.（指物）=I'dlikearoomofwhichthewindowfacessouth
