Quantum information processing

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1、Titelei_Beth17.01.200514:49UhrSeite1T.Beth,G.Leuchs(Eds.)QuantumInformationProcessing2.,revisedandenlargedEditionQuantumInformationProcessing,2ndEdition.EditedbyThomasBethandGerdLeuchsCopyright?2005Wiley-VCHVerlagGmbH&Co.KGaA,WeinheimISBN:3-527-40541-0Titelei_Beth17.01.2

2、00514:49UhrSeite3QuantumInformationProcessingSecond,revisedandenlargedEditionEditedbyThomasBeth,GerdLeuchsWILEY-VCHVerlagGmbH&Co.KGaATitelei_Beth17.01.200514:49UhrSeite4EditorsAllbookspublishedbyWiley-VCHarecarefullyproduced.Nevertheless,authors,editors,andpublisherProf.

3、Dr.-Ing.ThomasBethdonotwarranttheinformationcontainedintheseUniversit?tKarlsruhebooks,includingthisbook,tobefreeoferrors.Fakult?tfürInformatikReadersareadvisedtokeepinmindthatstatements,eiss_office@ira.uka.dedata,illustrations,proceduraldetailsorotheritemsmayinadvertentl

4、ybeinaccurate.Prof.Dr.GerdLeuchsUniversit?tErlangenLibraryofCongressCardNo.:AppliedforInstitutfürOptik,InformationundPhotonikleuchs@physik.uni-erlangen.deBritishLibraryCataloging-in-PublicationData:AcataloguerecordforthisbookisavailablefromtheBritishLibrary1stEdition2003

5、2ndEdition2005BibliographicinformationpublishedbyDieDeutscheBibliothekCoverPictureDieDeutscheBibliothekliststhispublicationintheMain:PoincarésphereshowingquantumpolarisationDeutscheNationalbibliografie;detailedbibliographicstatesdataisavailableintheInternetat

6、ddb.de>.CourtesyofChristineSilberhornandJoelHeersinkLowerright:DiagramforacontrolledNOT-gate?2005WILEY-VCHVerlagGmbH&Co.KGaA,WeinheimAllrightsreserved(includingthoseoftranslationintootherlanguages).Nopartofthisbookmayberepro-ducedinanyform–nortransmittedortranslatedintom

7、achinelanguagewithoutwrittenpermissionfromthepublishers.Registerednames,trademarks,etc.usedinthisbook,evenwhennotspecificallymarkedassuch,arenottobeconsideredunprotectedbylaw.PrintedintheFederalRepublicofGermanyPrintedonacid-freepaperPrintingStraussGmbH,M?rlenbachBookbin

8、dingLitges&DopfBuchbindereiGmbH,HeppenheimISBN-13:978-3-527-40541-1ISBN-10:3-527-40541-0ContentsPreface