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1、工學(xué)學(xué)士畢業(yè)論文微藻轉(zhuǎn)基因研究進(jìn)展馮仕洋哈爾濱工業(yè)大學(xué)2013年6月生物工程工學(xué)學(xué)士畢業(yè)論文微藻轉(zhuǎn)基因研究進(jìn)展導(dǎo)師:郭長祿申請學(xué)位級別:工學(xué)學(xué)士學(xué)科、專業(yè):生物工程所在單位:海洋科學(xué)與技術(shù)學(xué)院答辯日期:2013年6月授予學(xué)位單位:哈爾濱工業(yè)大學(xué)AThesisfortheDegreeofB.EngResearchprogressofmicroalgaegeneticallymodifiedCandidate:ShiyangFengSupervisor:ChangluGuoAcademicDegreeAppliedfor:BachelorofEngineeri
2、ngSpecialty:BiologyEngineeringDateofOralExamination:June,2013University:HarbinInstituteofTechnology摘要微藻是一類單細(xì)胞水生生物,在水產(chǎn)養(yǎng)殖、制藥、營養(yǎng)和主物燃料等領(lǐng)域都有著巨大的潛在使用價值??谏鲜兰o(jì)報告萊茵衣藻(Chlamydomonasreinhardtii}屮存在穩(wěn)定的基因轉(zhuǎn)化以來,傳基因微藻的研究得到了迅速的大規(guī)模發(fā)展。通過轉(zhuǎn)基因技術(shù),獲得新的微藻品種、生產(chǎn)外源性物質(zhì)、提高產(chǎn)品產(chǎn)率,并最終滿足快速發(fā)展的市場需求已成為微藻轉(zhuǎn)基因重要的研究目標(biāo)。本文從轉(zhuǎn)
3、基因微藻的種類、轉(zhuǎn)基因過程、以及轉(zhuǎn)基因微藻的應(yīng)用及其展頊等方面概述了國內(nèi)外轉(zhuǎn)基因微藻的研究進(jìn)展。同時還分析了提高外源基因表達(dá)效率和轉(zhuǎn)基因微藻生長速率的各種方法,以利丁?轉(zhuǎn)基因微藻應(yīng)用丁?人規(guī)模工業(yè)生產(chǎn)。關(guān)鍵詞:微藻;轉(zhuǎn)基因;藥物基因;篩選標(biāo)記;外源基因表達(dá);應(yīng)用AbstractMicroalgaeareagroupofunicellularaquaticorganisms,havinggreatpotentialinanumberofareasincludingaquaculture,pharmaceuticals,nutrition,andbiofuel
4、s.Sincelastcentuiy,thefirsttimestablegenetictransformationwasreportedinChlamydomonasreinhardtii,genetictransfbnnationofmicroalgaehasbeenbroughttofruitionwithinquiteshorttime.Theoverarchinggoalofmicroalgaebiotechnologyistocultivatenewspecies,produceexternalsubstances,andenhancethep
5、roductivityoftraditionalalgalcompoundssoastomeetthedemandsofarapidlygrowingmarket.Theaimofthisreviewistosynthesizetheoverallprogressonmicroalgaltransfonnationinthefollowingaspects:theintroductionoftransgenicmicroalgae;theprocessofgeneticallymodified;accomplishedbiotechnologicalapp
6、licationsandprospect.Atthesametime,itanalyzedvariousmethodsofincreasingintheexogenousgeneexpressionefficiencyandthegrowthratesoftransgenicmicroalgae?Andthisanalyzationisgoodforlarge-scaleindustrialproductionoftransgenicmicroalgae?Keywords:Transgenicmicroalgae;Transform;Therapeutic
7、genes;Screeningmarker;Exogenousgeneexpression;Application???????????????????????????????????????????????????????????IABSTRACT.II第一章轉(zhuǎn)基因微藻簡介?21.1轉(zhuǎn)基因微藻?21.2傳基因微藻種類?21.2.1藍(lán)藻1、J?21.2.2綠藻門.41.2.3硅藻門.61.2.4甲藻門.7第二章微藻轉(zhuǎn)基因過程.82.1核轉(zhuǎn)化.82.1.1篩選和制備口的基因?82.1.2構(gòu)建表達(dá)載休.92.1.3成功的核傳化方法102.1.4轉(zhuǎn)化子的篩選15
8、2.1.5轉(zhuǎn)化子的分子檢測162.2葉綠體轉(zhuǎn)化222.2.1葉綠體