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1、LessonFiveLoveisaFallacy----byMaxShulmanAimsTohaveabasicknowledgeofthetermsinlogic.Toappreciatethehumorinthestory.ToanalyzethestructureofthestoryToappreciatethelanguageTeachingContentsSpecialtermsinlogicDetailedstudyofthetextOrganizationalpatternThechiefattractionofthestoryLanguagefeatures
2、ExercisesTimeallocationTermsinlogic(15min.)Detailedstudyofthetext(110min.)Structureanalysis(15min.)Languageappreciation(15min.)Exercise(25min.)LessonFiveI.Specialtermsinlogicargument--astatementwhichisofferedasanevidenceoraproof.Itconsistsoftwomajorelements1.conclusion2.premises--aprevious
3、statementservingasabasisforanargument.Conclusionistobedrawnfrompremises.Specialtermsinlogicfallacy--falsereasoning,asinanargumentaweaknessandlackoflogicorgoodsenseinanargumentorpieceofreasoningfallacyUsually,anargumentiscorrect(deductivelyvalid)ifthepremisescanprovideenoughconclusiveeviden
4、cefortheconclusion.Otherwisetheargumentiswrong.Itissaidtobefallacious.SpecialtermsinlogicThreekindsoffallacy:1.materialfallacy--initsmaterialcontentthroughamisstatementofthefacts.2.verbalfallacy--initswordingthroughanincorrectuseofterms.3.formalfallacy-initsstructurethroughtheuseofanimprop
5、erprocessofinference.FalseAnalogy"Highschoolshouldnotrequireafreshmanwritingcourse.Harvarddoesn'trequireafreshmanwritingcourse,andthestudentsgetalongfinewithoutit".---Theanalogyisfalsebecausethetwoitemsdon'thavestrongenoughsimilaritiestopredictthatwhathappensinonewillhappenintheother.Dicta
6、Simpliciter"Everyonewantstogetmarriedsomeday."---Theexamplestartsalogicaltrainofthoughtwithanassumptionthatisfalse.Not"everyone"wantstogetmarried.EvadingtheissueThereareanumberofhandyfallaciesthatpeoplepressintoservicetosidestepaproblemwhileappearingtopursuethepoint.(文不對題)1）Distraction"Sud
7、s'n'Pudsisagreatrestaurant:youcanseehowshiningcleanthekitchensare".---Theexampleiscalleddistractionbecausethereader'sattentionisdrawntothecleanlinessofthekitcheninsteadoftotheexcellenceofthefood,whichisusuallythedeterminerofagreatrestaurant.2）Adhominem"against
