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1、血漿置換在兒童危重癥中的應(yīng)用陳偉明陸鑄今陸國(guó)平張靈恩復(fù)旦大學(xué)附屬兒科醫(yī)院重癥監(jiān)護(hù)中心(上海201102)·論著·通信作者:陸鑄今電子信箱:zjlu@shmu.edu.cn摘要:目的探討血漿置換在兒童危重癥中應(yīng)用的療效及安全性。方法:經(jīng)股靜脈或頸內(nèi)靜脈建立血管通路,應(yīng)用Prisma血液凈化機(jī),對(duì)10例PICU危重患兒進(jìn)行28次血漿置換治療?;颊卟》N分別為膿毒癥合并多臟器功能不全、急性肝功能衰竭、腎移植后急性排斥反應(yīng),溶血尿毒綜合征、格林-巴利綜合征、狼瘡性腎炎,所有病例均存在2~5個(gè)臟器功能衰竭。結(jié)果:每次血漿置換量為
2、(63.5±19.5)ml/kg,血流速度為5~10ml/(kg·min),置換速度為血流速度的20%~25%。經(jīng)過(guò)血漿置換及綜合治療,10例患兒臨床癥狀及生化指標(biāo)均有好轉(zhuǎn),2例分別進(jìn)行4次血漿置換治療病情才得到緩解。結(jié)果8例存活,2例死亡(急性肝功能衰竭及狼瘡性腎炎各1例)。28例次均順利完成血漿置換治療。治療中有3例次發(fā)生一過(guò)性蕁麻疹,未見(jiàn)休克、嚴(yán)重出血傾向、感染等嚴(yán)重并發(fā)癥。結(jié)論:血漿置換是治療兒童嚴(yán)重膿毒癥及免疫性疾病的一種有效措施。[臨床兒科雜志,2009,27(7):655-658]關(guān)鍵詞:血液凈化;血漿
3、置換;兒童;危重癥中圖分類(lèi)號(hào):R725文獻(xiàn)標(biāo)志碼:A文章編號(hào):1000-3606(2009)07-0655-04TheclinicalapplicationofplasmaexchangetherapyincriticallyillchildrenCHENWei-ming,LUZhu-jin,LUGuo-ping,ZHANGLing-en(Children'sHospitalAffiliatedtoFudanUniversity,Shanghai201102,China)Abstract:ObjectiveToexp
4、loretheclinicalapplication,effectsandsafetyofplasmaexchange(PE)therapyoncriticaldiseasesinchildren.MethodsTenseverepatientswith28PEtreatmentswereretrospectivelyreviewed.Lumencatheterwasinsertedintothefemoralorjugularvein,andthePRISMAbloodpurificationmachinewasu
5、sed.Theprimarydiseasesincludedsepsiscombinedwithmultipleorgansdysfunction,acuteliverfailure(ALF),acuterejectionafterrenaltransplantation,hemolyticuremicsyndrome(HUS),Guillain-Barresyndrome(GBS)andlupusnephritisrespectively.Multipleorgans(2-5)failureoccurredinal
6、lpatients.ResultsTheaveragetotalplasmaexchangevolumewas63.5±19.5ml/kg,achievedwithbloodflowrateof5~10ml/(kg·min)andturnoverrateat20%~25%ofbloodflowrate.Allpatients'clinicalsymptomsandbiochemicalindexeswereimprovedwithtwoofthemreceived4PEtreatmentsbeforetheimpro
7、vementwasobserved.Eightpatientsweresurvivedanddischarged,whiletheothertwodeceased(1ALFand1lupusnephritis).Twenty-eightPEtreatmentscompletedsmoothlyandthreeofthemexperiencedtransienturticariawithnoseverecomplicationsasshock,seriousbleedingtendencyorinfections.Co
8、nclusionsPlasmaexchangetherapyisagoodchoiceforpediatricscriticalsepsisandimmunedisease.(JClinPediatr,2009,27(7):655-658)Keywords:bloodpurification;plasmaexchange;children;cr