英文中標(biāo)點符號逗號、句號、分號、冒號的區(qū)別和用法.pdf

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1、Commas,Periods,Semicolons,ColonsWhatstheDierence?HelpfulTipsforCommaUse(therearealotofplacestouseacomma!)?Beforeacoordinatingconjunctionthatjoinstwoindependentclauses(completesentences).?Thecoordinatingconjunctions,alsoknownasFANBOYS:For,And,Nor,But,Or,Yet,So.?Afteranintroductoryphrase,

2、clause,orword.?Inbetweenallitemsinalist.?Topreventconfusion–there’sabigdifferencebetweenLet’seat,Grandma!andLet’seatGrandma.Don’tbeaGrandma-eater.Useacomma.WhentoUseaPeriod?Toendsentencesthatarenotquestionsorexclamations.?Inabbreviations(Mr.,Mrs.,a.m.,i.e.,Dr.,Ph.d.,etc.)WhentoUseaSemico

3、lon(;)?Tojointwoindependentclauses(completesentences)thatarecloselyrelatedinsubject.-Example:Mygrandmamakesgreatmashedpotatoes;IwouldrathereatmashedpotatoesthaneatGrandma.-Incorrect:Mygrandmamakesgreatmashedpotatoes;andgoodgreenbeans.?Aquickandeasytestforsemicolonuseistoreadeachhalfofthe

4、sentenceasifitwereitsown,separatesentence.Isonesideofthesemicolonasentencefragment?Can’tuseasemicolonthere!?Betweentwoindependentclausesthatuseatransitionalexpression(moreover,nevertheless,similarly,therefore,etc.)-Example:Grandmadoesnotapproveofcannibalism;therefore,wewillnoteatGrandma.

5、WhentoUseaColon(:)?Afteranindependentclause(completesentence)todirectattentiontoalist,quote,summary,orexplanation.?Accordingtoconvention(i.e.,inaheading,inwritingtime,inaratio,etc.).ThingstoWatchOutFor?The“wimpy”comma–commasarenotstrongenoughtoholdaparttwoindependentclauses.-Incorrect:My

6、brotheroncetriedtotakeabiteoutofGrandma,shewasnothappywithhisappetite.(Thisisincorrectbecausebothhalvesofthesentenceareindependentclauses–wimpycomma!)-Correct:MybrotheroncetriedtotakeabiteoutofGrandma,andshewasnothappywithhisappetite.(Thisiscorrectbecauseweuseacoordinatingconjunction“and

7、”alongwiththecommatojointhetwohalvesofthesentence.)?Youdonotneedacommabeforethefirstorafterthelastiteminalist.?Overuseofexclamationpointswhereaperiodisneeded–itisveryrarethatanexclamationpointisusedinaformalessayatall