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1、TheEnglishRenaissanceLectureOutlineFrancisBaconBiographyOfStudyJohnMiltonBiographyParadiseLostKnowledgeisthepower.---------FrancisBaconFrancisBacon(1561-1626)RepresentativeoftheEnglishrenaissance,awell-knownphilosopher,scientistandessayist.Beganhisprofessionallifeasalawyer,butbestknownasaph
2、ilosophicaladvocateanddefenderofthescientificrevolution.Establishedandpopularizedaninductivemethodologyforscientificinquiry,oftencalledtheBaconianmethod.Bacon’sImportancetoLiteratureIntroducedtheessayasaliteraryformintotheEnglishlanguage.Essay:ADefinitionArelativelyshortliterarycompositioni
3、nproseDiscussesarestrictedtopic,ortriestopersuadethereadertoacceptaparticularpointofview.OfStudiesFrancis?BaconSubjectthemostfamousofhis58essays,itA.analyzeswhatstudieschieflyservefor,B.thedifferentwaysadoptedbydifferentpeopletopursuestudies,andC.howstudiesexertinfluenceoverhumancharacter.o
4、bjective,impersonal,persuasivewritingwithout“we”or“I”;goodandclearlogicalreasoning,withexamplesandfacts;classicaldiction(Latin)Glossarydisposition,性情particulars,詳情；細(xì)目counsels,計(jì)劃marshal,整理sloth,懶惰，懶散，遲鈍affectation,虛飾，炫耀，裝腔作勢(shì)prune,修剪，整枝confute,證明錯(cuò)誤，駁倒deputy,代理人，代表mean,中等的，平庸的distill,蒸餾flashy,
5、虛飾的，華美的，華麗的Glossaryconfer,商談grave,莊重的“Abeuntstudiainmores”Latin:“凡有所學(xué)，皆成性格”nay,不但如此；否定impediment,妨礙，阻礙，障礙wrought,work的過去式和過去分詞Schoolmen,經(jīng)院學(xué)者cyminisector,吹毛求疵之人aptto,a.易于(動(dòng)輒,有...敏捷的)defect,n.缺點(diǎn)Studiesservefordelight,forornament,andforability.Theirchiefusefordelight,isinprivatenessandretiring
6、;forornament,isindiscourse;andforability,isinthejudgmentanddispositionofbusiness.Forexpertmencanexecute,andperhapsjudgeofparticulars,onebyone;butthegeneralcounsels,andtheplotsandmarshallingofaffairs,comebestfromthosethatarelearned.Tospendtoomuchtimeinstudiesissloth;tousethemtoomuchfororname
7、nt,isaffectation;tomakejudgmentonlybytheirrules,isthehumourofascholar.Theyperfectnature,andareperfectedbyexperience:fornaturalabilitiesarelikenaturalplants,thatneedpruningbystudy;andstudiesthemselvesdogiveforthdirectionstoomuchatlarge,excepttheybebounded
