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1、CharacteristicsofAmericanEnglishCharacteristicsofAmericanEnglish1.Creativeness2.Conservativeness3.Heterogeneity(多相性)4.RelativeUniformityinSpeech5.PopularityofSlang6.PreferenceforBigWords7.VerboseandPlainStyleinWriting8.VulgarityandCasualness9.SimplicityinWord-formCreativity
2、1.在舊詞的基礎(chǔ)上，自由運(yùn)用詞綴或者運(yùn)用拼綴法(blending)和逆生法(backformation)來創(chuàng)造新詞。e.g.debugdefogsmogbrunchcomefrom“smoke”and“fog”comefrom“breakfast”and“l(fā)unch”Creativity2.創(chuàng)造一些根本不存在的新詞。e.g.pizzazzcineramaskyscraper(informal)alivelyandexcitingqualityorstyleawide-screenpresentationoffilmsaverytallbuil
3、dinginacityConservativeness美式英語是在17世紀(jì)英格蘭所用的語言，即莎士比亞、彌爾頓、班揚(yáng)時(shí)期所用的語言基礎(chǔ)上發(fā)展起來的。與現(xiàn)在標(biāo)準(zhǔn)的倫敦英語相比，美式英語具有古老性。其主要表現(xiàn)在用詞方面。e.g.mad(angry)Hewasmadaboutlosingthechance.guess(suppose/believe/think)Iguessyouarewrong.另外，美式英語的語音和標(biāo)準(zhǔn)的倫敦音相比，也有點(diǎn)老式，具有17和18世紀(jì)英國英語的特點(diǎn)。PopularityofSlang在美式英語中，最貼近人們生活和最能
4、反映平民要求與社會(huì)生活特征的是俚語。俚語的風(fēng)格新穎時(shí)髦，不落俗套，生動(dòng)詼諧，表達(dá)多樣。e.g.tobadmouthdismissexhaustedtocriticizegivesb.theairpoopedoutPopularityofSlang不同的社會(huì)群體往往有自己特定的生活圈，因此不同的階層和地區(qū)有各自不同的俚語。CollegeSlange.g.Heisjustabooker.(Hestudiestoomuch.)You'reoutofyourtree.(You'reoutofyourmind.)為了趕時(shí)髦，俚語常常更新，從而有大量的同
5、義詞出現(xiàn)。e.g.moneyTVsetdough/jack/peanuts/beanstelly/thebox/idiotbox/theoneeyedmonsterTosumup,asthenumbersandpowerofAmericanspeakersofEnglishgrew,sotheUSbegantobeanindependentcenterfortheglobaldiffusionoftheEnglishlanguage.TheemergenceofAmericanEnglishwascloselyrelatedtosocialc
6、ustomsandnationalcharacters.ThisuniquenessmakesitpossibleforAmericanEnglishtothriveandtoinnovate.DifferencesbetweenAmEandBrEAmericanEnglishandBritishEnglisharethetwoforemostvarietiesoftheEnglishlanguageandserveasreferencenormsforothervarieties.Theyhaveoftenbeencomparedandco
7、ntrasted.Nevertheless,itistruethatAmericanandBritishEnglish,intheirspokenforms,arerarelymutuallyproblematic.DifferencesinpronunciationDifferencesinspellingDifferencesinvocabularyandidiomDifferencesingrammarDifferencesinpronunciationWordCarTiresomeFastFogFragileBrEAmE[kɑ:][k
8、ɑr][?ta??s?m][?ta??rs?m][fɑ:st][f?st][f?g][f?:g][?fr?d?a?l][?fr?d?l]Differencesins
